People of the Book

Jewish History

History

And when your Lord took from the children of Adam their descendants and made them testify about themselves, saying, “Am I not your Lord?” They replied, “Yes, we bear witness.” This was so you would not say on the Day of Judgment, “We were unaware of this.” 7:172

And when they were told, “Live in this town and eat freely, but say ‘Relieve us’ and enter the gate humbly, We will forgive your sins and increase the reward for those who do good.” 7:161

But the wrongdoers among them changed the words they were given, so We sent down a punishment from the sky for their defiance. 7:162

When they ignored the warnings, We saved those who forbade evil and seized the wrongdoers with a dreadful punishment for their defiance. 7:165

Ask them about the town by the sea, when they violated the Sabbath. Their fish would come to them abundantly on their Sabbath, but on other days, they would not appear. Thus, We tested them for their wrongdoing. 2:65, 7:163

When a group among them said, “Why do you warn those whom Allah will destroy or punish severely?” They replied, “To fulfil our duty before your Lord, and perhaps they will become mindful.” 7:164

Then successors came after them who inherited the Scripture but chose the fleeting gains of this world, saying, “We will be forgiven.” Yet if similar gains came their way, they would seize them again. Was the covenant of the Scripture not that they should only speak the truth about Allah? They studied it well. 7:169

And remember when We raised the mountain above them as if it were a shadow, and they thought it would fall upon them. We said, “Hold firmly to what We have given you and remember what is in it, so that you may be mindful.” 7:171

And remember when your Lord declared that He would send against them others who would afflict them with severe torment until the Day of Judgment. 2:66, 7:167

Qarun

Qarun was of Moses’ people, but he oppressed them. We gave him treasures whose keys alone would burden a strong group. 28:76

Seek the Hereafter with what Allah has given you, but do not forget your share of this world. Do good as Allah has done good to you, and do not seek corruption in the land 28:77

He said, “I was given this because of my knowledge.” Did he not know that Allah had destroyed generations before him who were stronger and wealthier? The guilty are not questioned about their sins. 28:78

Then he emerged before his people in his splendour. Those who desired worldly life said, “If only we had what Qarun has, he is truly fortunate.” 28:79

Allah’s reward is better for those who believe and do good, but only the patient will attain it.” 28:80

Then We caused the earth to swallow him and his home. He had no force to help him against Allah, nor could he save himself. 28:81

Scripture

And remember when Allah took a covenant from the prophets, saying, ‘I have given you the Book and wisdom. Then, if a messenger comes to confirm what you have, you must believe in him and support him.’ He asked, ‘Do you acknowledge and accept this commitment?’ They replied, ‘We acknowledge it.’ He said, ‘Then bear witness, and I am with you among the witnesses.’ 3:81

We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, wisdom, and prophethood. We provided them with good things 45:16

And We gave them clear rulings. Yet they differed only after knowledge had come to them, out of envy among themselves. Your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection regarding what they used to dispute. 45:17

The example of those who were entrusted with the Torah but failed to uphold it is like a donkey carrying books. What a miserable example of people who reject Allah’s signs. 62:5

And recall when We took your covenant and raised the mountain above you, saying, 'Hold firmly to what We have given you and remember its teachings, so that you may be mindful.' 2:63

Ask them, 'Have you received a promise from Allah? For Allah never breaks His promise. Or are you saying something about Allah that you do not know?' 2:80

Quran

This Qur’an clarifies much of what the Children of Israel dispute. 27:76

Covenant

O Children of Israel, remember My favour upon you. Fulfil your covenant with Me, and I will fulfil Mine with you. So be in awe of Me alone. 2:40

And remember when We took a covenant from the Children of Israel: 'Do not worship anyone but Allah, be kind to parents, relatives, orphans, and the needy. Speak kindly to people, establish prayer, and give charity.' But you turned away, except for a few, and you were heedless. 2:83

Allah took a covenant from the Children of Israel, appointing twelve leaders among them. He said, “I am with you, if you establish prayer, give charity, believe in My messengers, support them, and lend to Allah a good loan, I will erase your sins and admit you into gardens beneath which rivers flow. But whoever turns away has strayed far.” 5:12

And recall when We took your covenant and raised the mountain above you, saying, 'Hold firmly to what We have given you and remember its teachings, so that you may be mindful.' 2:63

And recall when We took your covenant and raised the mountain above you, saying, 'Hold firmly to what We have given you and listen.' But they said, 'We hear and disobey,' and their hearts were filled with love for the calf. Say, 'How evil is what your faith commands if it leads you to such defiance!' 2:93

We raised the mountain above them as a sign of their covenant, commanding them to enter the gate in humility and to honour the Sabbath. We took from them a solemn pledge. 4:154

Yet after that, you turned away. Had it not been for Allah’s grace and mercy, you would have surely been lost. 2:64

Food

All food was lawful for the Children of Israel except what they forbade themselves before the Torah was revealed. 3:93

Because of their wrongdoing, We forbade certain good things that had once been lawful to them, and for their persistent efforts to turn others away from Allah’s path. 4:160

To the Jews, We forbade every animal with an uncloven hoof, and of cattle and sheep, We forbade their fat, except what adheres to their backs, entrails, or bones. This was their recompense for their wrongdoing 6:146

We forbade certain things to the Jews, and We did not wrong them, but they wronged themselves. 16:118

Today, all good things are lawful, including the food of the People of the Book, and your food is lawful for them. 5:5

We shaded you with clouds and sent down manna and quails, saying, 'Eat from the good things We have provided.' But they did not wrong Us; rather, they wronged themselves. 2:57

And recall when We said, 'Enter this town and eat freely from its abundance, but enter humbly and say, "Grant us forgiveness," so We may pardon your sins and increase the reward of the righteous.' 2:58

Usury

Because of their wrongdoing, We forbade certain good things that had once been lawful to them, and for their persistent efforts to turn others away from Allah’s path. 4:160

They took interest despite its prohibition and consumed people’s wealth unjustly. We have prepared a painful punishment for them. 4:161

Rules

In it, We decreed: life for life, eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth, and wounds equal in retribution. But whoever forgives out of charity, it is an expiation for him. Those who do not judge by Allah’s law are wrongdoers. 5:45

King

Have you not seen the leaders of the Children of Israel after Moses? They said to their prophet, ‘Appoint for us a king so we may fight in Allah’s cause.’ He replied, ‘What if you refuse to fight when commanded?’ They said, ‘Why would we not fight when we have been driven from our homes and children?’ Yet when fighting was ordained, they turned away, except for a few. 2:246

Their prophet said, ‘Allah has appointed Saul (Talut) as your king.’ They objected, ‘How can he be king when we are more worthy, and he has no great wealth?’ He replied, ‘Allah has chosen him over you and granted him knowledge and strength. Allah gives kingship to whomever He wills 2:247

Their prophet continued, ‘The sign of his kingship is that the Ark will come to you, carrying tranquility from your Lord and relics left by Moses and Aaron’s family. It will be brought by angels. Surely, this is a sign for you if you are truly believers.’ 2:248

When Saul set out with his troops, he said, ‘Allah will test you with a river. Whoever drinks from it is not with me, but whoever refrains, except for a handful, is with me.’ Yet most of them drank their fill. When he and the believers crossed it, they said, ‘We have no strength today against Goliath and his army.’ But those who were certain they would meet Allah said, ‘How often has a small group triumphed over a larger one by Allah’s will? Allah is with those who remain steadfast.’ 2:249

Rejoicing

Those to whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in what has been revealed to you, but among them are those who reject parts of it. Say, “I am only commanded to worship Allah and associate none with Him. To Him I call, and to Him is my return.” 13:36

Positive Things

Good

O Children of Israel, remember My favour upon you, how I honoured you above all nations. 2:47, 2:122, 7:140, 45:16,

O Children of Israel, remember My favour upon you. 2:40, 2:47, 2:122

Good and Bad

We scattered them across the earth in groups, some righteous, others not. We tested them with prosperity and hardship, so they might return. 7:168

Among the people of Moses, there is a group who guide with truth and establish justice accordingly. 7:159

Negative things

Negative

And We decreed for the Children of Israel in the Scripture: “Twice you will spread corruption in the land and rise to great arrogance.” 17:4

When the first of these warnings came to pass, We sent against you servants of Ours, possessing great might, who ravaged your homes. It was a decree fulfilled. 17:5

Then We granted you victory over them, increased your wealth and children, and made you more numerous. 17:6

If you do good, it is for your own benefit; but if you do evil, it is against yourselves. Then, when the second warning comes, they will disgrace your faces and enter the Temple as they did before, utterly destroying what they conquer. 17:7

Say, “Shall I tell you of a fate worse than what you imagine? Those whom Allah has cursed, turned into apes and swine, and those who worship falsehood, such are in the worst place, far astray.” 5:60

You knew of those among you who violated the Sabbath, so We said to them, 'Be like despised apes!' 2:65, 7:166

Broken Covenant

Whenever they make a covenant, some among them break it, most of them do not truly believe. 2:100

Those who trade Allah’s covenant and their oaths for a fleeting gain will have no share in the Hereafter. Allah will neither speak to them nor look at them on the Day of Judgment, nor will He purify them. 3:77

Yet they broke their covenant, so We cursed them and hardened their hearts. They distort words from their places and neglect much of what they were commanded. You will always find treachery among them, except for a few. But pardon them and overlook, for Allah loves those who act with grace. 5:13

Killing Messengers

The Children of Israel were repeatedly warned, yet whenever messengers came with truths they disliked, they rejected some and killed others. 2:87, 5:70

Say, 'If you truly believed in your scripture, why did you kill the prophets unjustly?' 2:91, 3:183

Slaying

And recall when We took your pledge: 'Do not shed each other’s blood or expel one another from your homes.' You agreed and bore witness. 2:84

And remember when you killed a man and disputed over it, but Allah exposed what you concealed. 2:72

We said, 'Strike the slain man with a part of the cow.' Thus does Allah bring the dead to life and show you His signs, so that you may understand. 2:73

Yet after witnessing this, your hearts hardened like stone, or even harder. For among stones, some burst forth with rivers, others split and release water, and some fall in awe of Allah. 2:74

Because of this, We decreed for the Children of Israel: Whoever kills a soul unjustly, it is as if he has slain all of humanity. And whoever saves a life, it is as if he has saved all of humanity. 5:32

Yet here you are, killing one another and driving some of your own people from their homes, supporting one another in wrongdoing. 2:85

Have you not seen the hypocrites who say to their disbelieving allies among the People of the Book, “If you are expelled, we will go with you and never obey anyone against you. If you are attacked, we will help you.” But Allah bears witness that they are liars. 59:11

Cursed

The disbelievers among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongues of David and Jesus, son of Mary, for their defiance and transgression. 5:78

They say, 'Our hearts are sealed.' No! Allah has cursed them for their denial, so only a few truly believe. 2:88, 4:46, 4:155

Yet they broke their covenant, so We cursed them and hardened their hearts. 5:13

They were given a portion of the Scripture, yet they believe in superstition and false gods, saying that the disbelievers are better guided than the believers. 4:51

These are the ones whom Allah has cursed; whoever Allah curses will find no helper. 4:52

O People of the Book, believe in what We have revealed, confirming what you already have, before We erase faces and turn them backward or curse them as We cursed those before. Allah’s command is always fulfilled. 4:47

They did not stop each other from wrongdoing; how vile was their conduct! 5:79

You see many of them befriending those who reject faith. Evil is what they have sent ahead for themselves, earning Allah’s wrath and eternal punishment. 5:80

Had they truly believed in Allah, the Prophet, and what was revealed, they would not have allied with such people. But many are rebellious. 5:81

And when a Book came to them from Allah, confirming what they already had, though they used to pray for victory over the disbelievers, they rejected it when it arrived, even though they recognized it. So may Allah’s curse be upon the disbelievers. 2:89

Condemned

You see many of them rushing toward sin, aggression, and consuming unlawful wealth. How vile is what they do! 5:62

Why do their scholars and religious leaders not forbid them from speaking falsely and consuming what is forbidden? Their actions are truly corrupt. 5:63

The Jews say, “Allah’s hand is tied.” May their own hands be bound! Rather, His hands are open wide, granting as He wills. Yet their rebellion only increases. We have placed enmity among them until the Day of Judgment. Whenever they ignite the fire of war, Allah extinguishes it. They spread corruption. 5:64

Allah has heard the words of those who said, ‘Allah is poor while we are rich.’ We will record their words and their unjust killing of the prophets, and We will say, ‘Taste the torment of the Fire.’ 3:181

If the People of the Book had believed and been mindful, We would have erased their sins and led them to gardens of bliss. 5:65

Some among them are upright, but many act wickedly. 5:66

Yet their rebellion only increases. But do not grieve over the disbelievers. 5:68

Requesting Judgement

among the Jews who eagerly listen to lies and to those who never met you. They distort words from their places, saying, “If you are given this ruling, accept it; but if not, beware.” But those whom Allah wills to test, you hold no power over their fate. These are the ones whose hearts Allah does not will to cleanse. 5:41

They are habitual listeners to falsehood, devourers of illicit gain. If they come to you for judgment, you may choose to rule between them or turn away. If you turn away, they cannot harm you. But if you judge, do so with justice. 5:42

Yet how can they seek your judgment when they have the Torah, in which is Allah’s ruling? Still, they turn away, for they are not true believers. 5:43

Judge between them by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires. Beware, lest they tempt you away from part of what Allah has sent down. If they turn away, know that Allah intends to afflict them for some of their sins. Many among the people are defiantly disobedient. 5:49

But no! By your Lord, they will not truly believe until they accept your judgment in their disputes, without hesitation, and submit completely. 4:65

Then, We would have granted them a great reward from Our presence. 4:67

And guided them to a straight path. 4:68

Judgement

And We raised among them leaders who guided by Our command, when they remained patient and were certain of Our signs. 32:24

Surely your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection regarding what they used to dispute. 32:25

Have they not seen the many generations before them, Whom We destroyed as they walked the lands? Surely, in this are signs, Will they not listen and reflect? 32:26

We will surely question those to whom messengers were sent, and We will surely question the messengers themselves. 7:6

Then We will narrate to them with knowledge, for We were never absent. 7:7

The scales on that Day will be just, those whose deeds weigh heavily will be the successful. 7:8

Had they believed and been mindful, their reward from Allah would have been far better, if only they understood. 2:103

It is neither wishful thinking nor inherited privilege that determines one’s fate. Whoever does wrong will be held accountable, and none will find refuge beyond Allah. 4:123

They assumed no harm would come to them, but they were blinded and deafened. Then Allah turned to them in mercy, yet many persisted in their ways. 5:71

Do you believe in part of the Scripture and reject the rest? What should be the reward for those who do this except disgrace in this life and a severe punishment in the Hereafter? 2:85

These are the ones whose hearts Allah does not will to cleanse. For them is disgrace in this life, and an immense punishment in the next.” 5:41

These are the ones who traded the Hereafter for worldly gain, so their punishment will not be lightened, nor will they be helped. 2:86

How terrible is the bargain they have made, rejecting what Allah has revealed out of envy that He grants His favour to whomever He wills. So, they have drawn upon themselves wrath upon wrath, and for the disbelievers, there is a humiliating punishment. 2:90

Wishing for Death

Say, 'If the Hereafter belongs to you alone, excluding all others, then wish for death, if you are truthful.' 2:94

Say, “O you who claim to be guided, if you assert that you are Allah’s chosen ones apart from others, then wish for death, if you are truthful.” 62:6

But they will never wish for it, because of what their hands have sent ahead. 2:95, 62:7

Say, “The death you flee from will surely meet you. Then you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, and He will inform you of what you used to do.” 62:8

You will find them clinging to life more than any other people, even more than the idolaters. Each of them wishes to live a thousand years, but even a long life will not save them from punishment. Allah sees all that they do. 2:96

Requesting Proof

Ask the Children of Israel how many clear signs We gave them. Yet whoever trades Allah’s favour for disbelief will find that Allah is severe in punishment. 2:211

The People of the Book demand that you bring down a scripture from the heavens, yet they asked Moses for even greater signs, saying, “Show us Allah openly!” But they were struck down for their arrogance. Even after witnessing clear signs, they worshipped the calf, yet Allah forgave them and granted Moses undeniable authority. 4:153

Recognising Muhammad

Those to whom We have given the Scripture recognize it as clearly as they recognize their own children. Yet those who have lost themselves refuse to believe. 6:20

And it is foretold in the scriptures of earlier peoples. 26:196

Is it not a sign to them that the scholars of the Children of Israel recognize it? 26:197

Those to whom We have given the Scripture recognize this truth as they recognize their own children. 2:146

Jews and Christians General

Abraham

Do you claim that Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and their descendants were Jews or Christians? Say, 'Do you know better, or does Allah?' Who is more unjust than one who conceals a testimony from Allah? Allah is never unaware of what you do. 2:140

That was a nation who has passed. Theirs is what they earned, and yours is what you earn. You will not be asked about their deeds. 2:141

Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was upright and submitted to Allah. He was not among the polytheists. 3:67

O People of the Book, why do you argue about Abraham when the Torah and Gospel were revealed long after him? Do you not understand? 3:65

Do they envy people for what Allah has granted them? We gave the family of Abraham the Book, wisdom, and a great kingdom. 4:54

Saved

Indeed, those who believe, along with the Jews, Christians, and Sabians, whoever truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good, will have their reward with their Lord. They will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:62, 5:69, 22:17

No! Whoever submits to Allah with sincerity and does good will have their reward with their Lord. They will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:112

Those who spend their wealth in charity, day and night, secretly and openly, will have their reward with their Lord. They will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:274

Those who give in charity and do not follow it with reminders or harm will have their reward with their Lord, no fear shall be upon them, nor shall they grieve. 2:262

Those who believe, do good deeds, establish prayer, and give charity will have their reward with their Lord. They will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:277

Say, “O People of the Book! You stand on nothing unless you uphold the Torah, the Gospel, and what has been sent to you from your Lord.” Yet their rebellion only increases. But do not grieve over the disbelievers. 5:68

Indeed, those who believe, the Jews, the Sabians, and the Christians, whoever truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good, will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 5:69

We send messengers only as bearers of good news and warnings. Those who believe and reform will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 6:48

O children of Adam! If messengers come to you, reciting My signs, then whoever is mindful and reforms will have no fear nor grief. 7:35

Direction of Prayer

Even if you bring every proof to those who were given the Scripture, they will not follow your direction of prayer, nor will you follow theirs. Neither will they follow one another’s direction. If you were to follow their desires after knowledge has come to you, you would surely be among the wrongdoers. 2:145

Clear Proofs

We sent none before you except men whom We inspired. So, ask the people of the message if you do not know. 16:43, 21:7

Ask the Children of Israel how many clear signs We gave them. Yet whoever trades Allah’s favour for disbelief will find that Allah is severe in punishment. 2:211

We sent them with clear proofs and scriptures. And We sent down the Reminder to you so that you may clarify for people what was revealed to them, and so they may reflect. 16:44

Positive Things

Harmony

Say, ‘O People of the Book, let us come to a common word between us, that we worship none but Allah, associate nothing with Him, and do not take one another as lords besides Him.’ But if they turn away, say, ‘Bear witness that we submit to Him.’ 3:64

If you doubt what We have revealed to you, ask those who have read the Scripture before you. The truth has come to you from your Lord, so do not be among those who doubt. 10:94

The Good

Yet they are not all alike, among the People of the Book are those who stand in devotion, reciting Allah’s verses at night and bowing in prayer. 3:113

They believe in Allah and the Last Day, enjoin good, forbid evil, and hasten to do righteous deeds. These are among the righteous. 3:114

Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in the Torah and Gospel, he commands them to good and forbids them from evil, makes lawful for them what is pure, and forbids what is impure. He relieves them of their burdens and the shackles that bound them. Those who believe in him, honor him, support him, and follow the light sent down with him, it is they who will succeed. 7:157

Those to whom We gave the Scripture before believe in it. 28:52

Those to whom We gave the Scripture know it has been sent down from your Lord in truth, so do not be among the doubters. 6:114

And when it is recited to them, they say, “We believe in it, it is the truth from our Lord. We were already among those who submitted.” 28:53

They will be given their reward twice, for their patience, and for repelling evil with good, and for giving from what We provided them. 28:54

Among the People of the Book are those who truly believe in Allah and what was revealed to you and to them. They humble themselves before Allah and do not trade His signs for a fleeting gain. Their reward is with their Lord. 3:199

Whatever good they do will never be denied 3:115

Claims

The Jews say, 'The Christians have no foundation,' and the Christians say, 'The Jews have no foundation,' though both read the Scripture. Those who lack knowledge say the same. But Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection regarding their differences. 2:113

And they say, 'None will enter Paradise except those who follow our way.' Say, 'This is mere wishful thinking, bring your proof if you are truthful.' 2:111

It is neither your wishful thinking or that of the people of scripture, nor inherited privilege that determines one’s fate. 4:123

The People of the Book should know that they do not control Allah’s grace. He grants it to whom He wills. 57:29

The Jews and Christians say, “We are Allah’s children, His beloved.” Say: Then why does He punish you for your sins? No, you are but human beings among those He created. 5:18

And they say, 'None will enter Paradise except those who follow the way of the Jews or Christians.' Say, 'This is mere wishful thinking, bring your proof if you are truthful.' 2:111

They say, 'Be Jews or Christians, and you will be guided.' Say, 'No, we follow the way of Abraham, who was upright and never among the idolaters.' 2:135, 3:95

Negative Things

Good and Bad

Those who have received the Scripture and recite it as it should be recited, these are the ones who truly believe in it. But those who reject it are the real losers. 2:121

Some among them believed, but many turned away. Hell is enough for their punishment. 4:55

If the People of the Book had believed, it would have been better for them. Some among them are faithful, but most are rebellious. 3:110, 4:46

You will find the fiercest in hostility toward believers to be the Jews and polytheists, while the closest in affection are those who say, “We are Christians.” This is because among them are priests and monks who are humble. 5:82

Among the People of the Book are those who, if entrusted with great wealth, will return it faithfully. Yet others, if entrusted with a single coin, will not return it unless you persist, because they say, ‘We are not accountable to the Gentiles.’ They lie about Allah knowingly. 3:75

But those who uphold their promises and remain mindful of Allah, Allah loves the righteous. 3:76

Misleading

O believers, do not follow those who were given the Scripture yet lead you astray. If you obey them, they will turn you back to disbelief after you have believed. 3:100

A group among the People of the Book wish to mislead you, but they only mislead themselves, though they do not realize it. 3:69

But they divided their affairs among themselves, yet all will return to Us. 21:93

Exceeding Limits

Say, “O People of the Book! Do not exceed the bounds of truth in your faith, nor follow the desires of those who went astray before you, leading many others astray.” 5:77

Arguing

You argued about matters you had knowledge of, but why dispute about things you do not know? Allah knows, while you do not. 3:66

So if they argue with you, say, ‘I have submitted myself to Allah, and so have those who follow me.’ Say to those who were given the Scripture and to those without knowledge, ‘Have you also submitted?’ If they do, they are rightly guided. But if they turn away, your duty is only to convey the message. 3:20

Do not argue with the People of the Book except in the best manner, unless they are unjust. Say, “We believe in what was revealed to us and to you, our Allah and your Allah is one, and to Him we submit.” 29:46

Invited

Have you not seen those who were given a portion of the Scripture? When invited to Allah’s Book to judge between them, some turn away in defiance. 3:23

Rejecting Muhammad

The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the idolaters do not wish for any good to be sent down to you. But Allah chooses whom He wills for His mercy, and He is the Lord of infinite bounty. 2:105

Many among the People of the Book wish to turn you back to disbelief after you have believed, out of envy, even after the truth has become clear to them. But forgive and overlook until Allah brings His command. 2:109

Those who say, ‘Allah has promised us that no messenger will come unless he brings a sacrifice consumed by fire,’ 3:183

If they deny you, know that messengers before you were also denied, even though they came with clear signs, scriptures, and enlightening guidance. 3:184

The Jews and Christians will never be fully pleased with you until you follow their way. Say, 'Allah’s guidance is the only true guidance.' If you were to follow their desires after knowledge has come to you, you would have no protector or helper from Allah. 2:120

Rejecting Quran

O People of the Book, why do you deny Allah’s signs while you bear witness to them? 3:70, 3:98

Rejecting Allah

Say, ‘O People of the Book, why do you turn believers away from Allah’s path, seeking to make it crooked, while you yourselves are witnesses? Allah is not unaware of what you do. 3:99

In Error

The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the idolaters would not have turned away until the clear proof came to them. 98:1

Yet those who were given the Book divided, only after the clear proof had come to them. 98:4

These are the ones to whom We gave the Scripture, wisdom, and prophethood. If these people reject them, We have entrusted them to others who will not reject them. 6:89

But whoever turns away after this, they are the defiantly disobedient. 3:82

Do they seek a religion other than Allah’s, when all in the heavens and the earth submit to Him, willingly or unwillingly 3:83

Whoever seeks a way other than submission to Allah it will never be accepted from them. 3:85

Guide us to the straight path 1:6

not of those who have incurred Your wrath, nor of those who have gone astray. 1:7

Fighting

Fight those who do not believe in Allah or the Last Day, who do not forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, and who do not follow the true religion, among those who were given the Scripture, until they pay the tax willingly, humbled. 9:29

The Jews say, “Ezra is the son of Allah,” and the Christians say, “The Messiah is the son of Allah.” These are words from their mouths, echoing the claims of earlier disbelievers. May Allah destroy them! How deluded they are! 9:30

They took their rabbis and monks as lords besides Allah, as well as the Messiah, son of Mary, though they were commanded to worship only one Allah. There is no Allah but Him. Exalted is He above what they associate with Him! 9:31

They seek to extinguish Allah’s light with their mouths, but Allah will complete His light, even if the disbelievers dislike it. 9:32

Punished

The Jews and Christians say, “We are Allah’s children, His beloved.” Say: Then why does He punish you for your sins? No, you are but human beings among those He created. He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. To Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, and all that is within. To Him is the final return. 5:18

Expelled

He is the One who expelled the disbelieving People of the Book from their homes at the first gathering. You never imagined they would leave, and they thought their fortresses would protect them from Allah. But Allah came upon them from where they least expected, casting fear into their hearts. They destroyed their homes with their own hands and the hands of the believers, so take heed, O people of insight. 59:2

Had Allah not decreed exile for them, He would have punished them in this world. And in the Hereafter, they will face the Fire. 59:3

That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger. Whoever opposes Allah, Allah is severe in punishment. 59:4

Whatever palm trees you cut down or left standing on their roots, it was by Allah’s permission, so that He might disgrace the rebellious. 59:5

And those who came after them say, “Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith, and do not place in our hearts any resentment toward those who believe. Our Lord, You are kind and merciful.” 59:10

If they are expelled, they will not go with them. If they are attacked, they will not help them. And even if they did, they would turn and flee, then be left with no support. 59:12

You strike more fear in their hearts than Allah does. That is because they are a people who do not understand. 59:13

The Bad

They say, 'Be Jews or Christians, and you will be guided.' Say, 'No, we follow the way of Abraham, who was upright and never among the idolaters.' 2:135

If they believe as you do, they are rightly guided. But if they turn away, they are in opposition. Allah will suffice you against them. 2:137

Say, 'Do you argue with us about Allah, when He is our Lord and yours? Our deeds are ours, and yours are yours. To Him alone we are sincerely devoted. 2:139

That was a nation who has passed. Theirs is what they earned, and yours is what you earn. You will not be asked about their deeds. 2:141

The Jews say, 'The Christians have no foundation,' and the Christians say, 'The Jews have no foundation,' though both read the Scripture. Those who lack knowledge say the same. 2:113

Who is more unjust than one who prevents Allah’s name from being mentioned in His places of worship and seeks to ruin them? Such people should not enter them except in fear. 2:114

So do not fear people, fear Me. Do not trade My revelations for a small price. Whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed is among the defiant. 5:44

Indeed, those who conceal what Allah has revealed in the Book and trade it for a small price consume nothing but fire in their bellies. Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Judgment, nor will He purify them. 2:174

Do they hold any share in Allah’s dominion? If they did, they would not grant others even the smallest portion. 4:53

O People of the Book, why do you mix truth with falsehood and conceal the truth knowingly? 3:71

A group among the People of the Book say, ‘Believe in what was revealed to the believers in the morning, then reject it by evening, so they may turn back.’ 3:72

Those to whom We have given the Scripture recognize this truth as they recognize their own children. 2:146

Has the time not come for hearts to soften in awe of Allah’s remembrance and the truth He has sent? Do not be like those who received the Book before, whose hearts hardened over time, and many among them strayed. 57:16

The People of the Book should know that they do not control Allah’s grace. He grants it to whom He wills. 57:29

The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the idolaters would not have turned away until the clear proof came to them, 98:1

A messenger from Allah, reciting purified scriptures, 98:2

Containing upright teachings. 98:3

Yet those who were given the Book divided, only after the clear proof had come to them. 98:4

But those who disbelieve among the People of the Book and the idolaters will dwell in the Fire of Hell, remaining there forever. They are the worst of creation. 98:6

They will not harm you except with minor annoyance. If they fight you, they will turn and flee, and they will find no help. 3:111

Humiliation is upon them wherever they are found, unless they hold onto a covenant with Allah or a treaty with people. They have earned Allah’s wrath and are burdened with disgrace because they rejected His signs and killed the prophets unjustly. This is because they disobeyed and transgressed. 3:112

Not Changing Scripture

If you doubt what We have revealed to you, ask those who have read the Scripture before you. The truth has come to you from your Lord, so do not be among those who doubt. 10:94

Changing Scripture

Among them are those who twist the Scripture with their tongues to make it seem as if it is from Allah, but it is not. They say, ‘This is from Allah,’ yet it is a lie. 3:78

They distort words from their places, saying, “If you are given this ruling, accept it; but if not, beware.” But those whom Allah wills to test, you hold no power over their fate. 5:41

Yet the wrongdoers changed the words given to them, so We sent down a punishment from the heavens for their defiance. 2:59

Some among the People of the Book twist words out of context, saying ‘Listen, but do not understand’ and distorting their speech to mock the faith. If they had said, ‘We hear and obey,’ it would have been better for them. But Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, and only a few truly believe. 4:46

Not your Allies

O believers! Do not take allies from among those who mock your way, whether from the People of the Book or the disbelievers. Be mindful, for they are not your protectors. 5:51

You will see those whose hearts waver rushing to them, saying, “We fear misfortune may strike us.” But perhaps Allah will grant victory or reveal His command, leaving them regretful of their choices. 5:52

Then the believers will say, “Are these the ones who swore by Allah that they stood with us?” Their deeds have been rendered void, and they are now among the lost. 5:53

O believers! Do not take as allies those who mock your faith, whether from the People of the Book or the disbelievers. Be conscious of Allah if you are truly devoted. 5:57

When you call to prayer, they ridicule it as mere amusement. This is because they lack understanding. 5:58

Say, “O People of the Book! Do you resent us for no reason other than our belief in Allah, in what was revealed to us, and in what was revealed before? Yet most of you are rebellious.” 5:59

Christians

Covenant

We took a covenant from those who said, “We are Christians,” but they, too, forgot much of what they were taught. So, We stirred enmity and hatred among them until the Day of Resurrection. Allah will inform them of what they did. 5:14

Judgement

Let the people of the Gospel judge by what Allah has revealed in it. Those who do not judge by Allah’s law are rebellious. 5:47

Allah's Son

Yet they say, “The Most Merciful has taken a son.” Glory be to Him! They are only honoured servants. 21:26

Positive

When they hear the revelation, their eyes overflow with tears, recognizing the truth. They say, “Our Lord, we believe, count us among the witnesses.” 5:83

“Why should we not believe in Allah and the truth that has come to us, hoping our Lord will admit us among the righteous?” 5:84

For their words, Allah grants them gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will dwell forever. That is the reward for the righteous. 5:85

Companions of the Cave

Do you think the People of the Cave and the Inscription were among Our wondrous signs? 18:9

When the youths sought refuge in the cave, they prayed, “Our Lord, grant us mercy and guide our affairs rightly.” 18:10

So We sealed their ears in the cave for many years. 18:11

Then, We awakened them to determine which of the two groups could better calculate the length of their stay. 18:12

We relate their story to you in truth. They were young men who believed in their Lord, and We increased them in guidance. 18:13

We strengthened their hearts when they stood up and declared, “Our Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth. We will never invoke any Allah besides Him, if we did, we would be committing a grave injustice.” 18:14

“These people have taken gods besides Him. Why do they not bring clear proof? Who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah?” 18:15

“Now that you have distanced yourselves from them and their worship, seek refuge in the cave. Your Lord will shower His mercy upon you and ease your affairs.” 18:16

You would have seen the sun, as it rose, veering away from their cave to the right, and as it set, shifting to the left, while they lay in its spacious chamber. This is one of Allah’s signs. Whoever Allah guides is truly guided, but whoever He leaves astray will find no protector. 18:17

You would have thought them awake, though they were asleep. We turned them over to the right and left, while their dog stretched its forelegs at the entrance. Had you seen them, you would have fled in terror. 18:18

Then We awakened them so they could ask one another. One of them said, “How long have we stayed?” They replied, “A day or part of a day.” Others said, “Your Lord knows best how long you have stayed. Send one of you with this money to the city and let him find the purest food to bring back. But let him be cautious and not reveal your presence.” 18:19

“If they discover you, they may stone you or force you back into their ways, and then you would never succeed.” 18:20

Thus, We made their story known so that people would realize Allah’s promise is true and that there is no doubt about the Hour. When they disputed among themselves, they said, “Build a structure over them.” Their Lord knows best about them. Those who prevailed said, “We will build a place of worship over them.” 18:21

Some will say, “They were three, and their dog was the fourth.” Others will say, “They were five, and their dog was the sixth,” guessing at the unknown. Others will say, “They were seven, and their dog was the eighth.” Say, “My Lord knows their number best.” Few truly know them, so do not argue except with clear proof, nor seek details from anyone. 18:22

And do not say about anything, “I will do that tomorrow,” 18:23

Without adding, “If Allah wills.” And if you forget, then remember your Lord and say, “Perhaps my Lord will guide me to what is even closer to the truth.” 18:24

They remained in their cave for three hundred years, plus nine. 18:25

He does not share His command with anyone.” 18:26

Jewish History

Postitive Jewish Things

Negative Jewish Things

Jews and Christians General

Positive Things

Negative Things

Christians