Former Prophets
Various Prophets
Muhammad
You are truly among the messengers, 36:3
No, he came with the truth and confirmed the earlier messengers. 37:37
Sent
We sent messengers before you, some We have mentioned, others We have not. 4:164, 15:10
We sent messengers to nations before you, and We afflicted them with hardship and suffering so they might humble themselves. 6:42, 7:94
They ask, “When will this promise be fulfilled, if you are truthful?” 10:48
Every nation has a messenger. When their messenger comes, judgment is passed with justice, and they are not wronged. 10:47
They ask, “When will this promise be fulfilled, if you are truthful?” 10:48
Say, “Every nation has its appointed time. When their time comes, they cannot delay it nor hasten it.” 10:49
We sent a messenger to every nation: “Worship Allah and avoid false gods.” Some were guided, while others deserved misguidance. So travel the earth and see the fate of the deniers. 16:36, 21:25, 23:32
We sent none before you except men whom We inspired. So ask the people of the message if you do not know. 16:43
By Allah, We sent messengers to nations before you, but Satan made their deeds seem fair to them. Today, he is their ally, and they will face a painful punishment. 16:63
We did not send messengers before you except men whom We inspired. Ask the people of the message if you do not know. 21:7
We have sent you with the truth as a bearer of good news and a warner. There is no nation that hasn’t had a warner. 35:24
Yet We sent warners among them. 37:72
We sent messengers before you, some We have told you about, others We have not. No messenger brings a sign except by Allah’s permission. 40:78
We sent messengers before you and granted them spouses and offspring. Yet no messenger brings a sign except by Allah’s permission. Every term has its decree. 13:38
How many prophets did We send to earlier nations? 43:6
A decree from Us, We are ever sending, 44:5
It is not for any human to receive revelation except through inspiration, or from behind a veil, or by sending a messenger to reveal His will. He is Most High, Most Wise. 42:51
Belief
Allah will not leave the believers as they are without distinguishing the wicked from the righteous. Nor will He reveal the unseen to you, but He chooses messengers for this knowledge as He wills. So believe in Allah and His messengers 3:179
We revealed the Torah, containing guidance and light. The prophets who submitted to Allah judged by it, as did the rabbis and scholars, entrusted to uphold Allah’s Book. 5:44
True righteousness is in one who believes in the prophets 2:177
Stories
We relate to you the stories of past messengers to strengthen your heart. In these accounts, truth is revealed, along with guidance and a reminder for the believers. 11:120
We sent messengers before you, some We have told you about, others We have not. No messenger brings a sign except by Allah’s permission. When Allah’s command comes, judgment is passed in truth, and the liars are doomed. 40:78
Past Prophets
Humanity was once a single community, but then they differed. So Allah sent prophets as bearers of good news and warners, and revealed to them the Scripture in truth to judge between people in their disputes, so that people would have no excuse before Allah. Yet none disputed it except those who had received it, after clear proofs had come to them, out of jealousy. Then Allah, by His grace, guided the believers to the truth regarding those disputes. Those who believe and reform will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:213, 4:165, 6:48, 18:56, 57:25
These are the ones upon whom Allah bestowed favour, among the descendants of Adam, those We carried with Noah, the descendants of Abraham and Israel, and those We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration, weeping. 19:58
We guided Noah. And among his descendants were David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron 6:84
But is the duty of messengers anything except clear delivery? 16:35
True
It is not fitting for a person whom Allah has given the Book, wisdom, and prophethood to say to people, ‘Worship me instead of Allah.’ Rather, they should say, ‘Be devoted to your Lord, for you have learned and taught the Scripture.’ 3:79
Nor would a true messenger ever command you to take angels or prophets as lords. Would he call you to disbelief after you have submitted? 3:80
Many prophets fought alongside devoted believers. They did not falter in adversity, nor did they weaken or surrender. 3:146
It is not for a prophet to betray trust. Whoever does so will carry the burden of their deceit on the Day of Judgment. 3:161
On the Day Allah gathers the messengers, He will ask, “What response did you receive?” They will say, “We have no knowledge. 5:109
Proofs
Have they not heard of those before them? Their messengers brought them clear proofs. 9:70, 10:74, 30:9, 30:47, 40:22, 40:28, 40:50, 40:83, 57:25, 64:6
But successors came after them who neglected prayer and followed desires, so they will meet destruction. 19:59
Language
We sent no messenger except in the language of his people, so he could make things clear to them. Allah leads astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. 14:4
Mortal
"We sent only men as messengers before you, revealing Our guidance to them. Have they not travelled the earth and seen the fate of those before them? 12:109, 15:10, 30:9
We did not make them bodies that did not eat, nor were they immortal. 21:8, 25:20
Allah Watches
He alone knows the unseen, and He reveals none of it to anyone, 72:26
Except to a messenger, He chooses. Then He sends watchers before and behind him, 72:27
So that He may know they have delivered their Lord’s message. He surrounds all they have, and keeps count of all things.” 72:28
Do not think that Allah will fail in His promise to His messengers. 14:47
Various Prophets Sent
And remember Our servants Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, men of strength and insight. 38:45
We purified them with a special remembrance of the Hereafter. 38:46
And they are truly among the chosen, the best. 38:47
And remember Ishmael, Elisha, and Jonah, each among the righteous. 38:48
"Like the fate of Noah’s people, Aad, and Thamud, and those after them. Allah does not intend injustice for His servants." 40:31
Have they not heard of those before them, Noah’s people, ‘Ad, Thamud, Abraham’s people, Midian, and the overturned cities? Their messengers brought them clear proofs, but Allah did not wrong them, they wronged themselves. 9:70
Has the story not reached you of those before you, Noah’s people, Ad, Thamud, and those after them? Only Allah knows their numbers. Their messengers came to them with clear proofs, but they tried to silence them, saying, “We reject what you bring, and we are in deep doubt about what you call us to.” 14:9
He has ordained for you the same faith He enjoined upon Noah, and what We revealed to you, and what We commanded Abraham, Moses, and Jesus: uphold the faith and do not be divided therein. 42:13
These are the ones upon whom Allah bestowed favour, among the descendants of Adam, those We carried with Noah, the descendants of Abraham and Israel, and those We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration, weeping. 19:58
Indeed, Allah chose Adam, Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above all people, 3:33
And Ishmael, Elisha, Jonah, and Lot, each We favoured above others. 6:86
They are descendants of one another. 3:34
We have sent revelation to you just as We sent it to Noah and the prophets after him, to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon. And to David, We gave the Psalms. 4:163
And We granted him Isaac and Jacob, guiding them all. And before them, We guided Noah. And among his descendants were David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron, thus We reward those who do good. 6:84
And Zachariah, John, Jesus, and Elias, all were among the righteous. 6:85
And from their fathers, descendants, and brothers, We chose them and guided them to a straight path. 6:87
We sent Noah and Abraham and placed prophethood and scripture among their descendants. Some remained guided, but many strayed. 57:26
“O my people, do not let your opposition to me lead you to suffer what befell Noah’s people, or Hud’s people, or Salih’s people. The people of Lot were not far from you.” 11:89
O messengers, eat from what is wholesome and do what is right. I am fully aware of what you do. 23:51
And this community of yours is one single community, and I am your Lord, so be mindful of Me. 23:52
Covenant
And recall when We took a solemn covenant from the prophets, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, son of Mary, and from you, O Muhammad. 33:7
That Allah may question the truthful about their sincerity, 33:8
Various Prophets Rejected
Then We sent Our messengers in succession. Every time a messenger came to his people, they rejected him, so We destroyed them one after another, turning them into stories. Away with the people who refuse to believe! 23:44
And the people of Noah, when they denied the messengers, We drowned them and made them a sign for humanity. 22:42, 25:37, 38:12, 50:12
And the people of Abraham 22:43
And the people of Lot, 22:43, 38:13, 50:13
And the inhabitants of Midian. 22:44
Moses, too, was denied. But I gave the disbelievers time, then seized them 22:44
Ad’s people denied the truth, as did Pharaoh, the lord of stakes. 38:12, 50:13
And the people of the well 50:12
And the dwellers of the forest, all were confederates. 38:13, 50:14
And Thamud 22:42, 38:13, 50:12
and Ad 22:42, 38:12, 50:13
and the people of Tubbaʿ 50:14
And Aad, Thamud, and the people of the Well, and many generations between them. 25:38
Yet no messenger came to them without being ridiculed. 43:7
All rejected the messengers, so My warning was fulfilled. 38:14, 50:14
Likewise, no messenger came to those before them but they said, “A sorcerer or a madman.” 51:52
"Like the fate of Noah’s people, Ad, and Thamud, and those after them. Allah does not intend injustice for His servants." 40:31
If they deny you, so did the people of Noah, Ad, and Thamud before them, 22:42
Disbelief
Whoever turns away from Allah, his angels, his books, his messengers, has drifted into a deep and distant ruin. 4:136, 5:12
Unbelievers Punished
The disbelievers threatened their messengers, saying, “We will expel you from our land unless you return to our ways.” But their Lord inspired them: “We will destroy the wrongdoers.” 14:13
“And We will establish you in the land after them. This is for those who fear My Majesty and dread My warning.” 14:14
They prayed for victory, and every stubborn tyrant met disappointment. 14:15
We will surely question those to whom messengers were sent, and We will surely question the messengers themselves. 7:6, 11:27, 23:24, 21:41
Every nation has a messenger. When their messenger comes, judgment is passed with justice, and they are not wronged. 10:47
We never sent a warner to a town without its affluent saying, “We disbelieve in what you’ve been sent with.” 34:34
Messengers before you were ridiculed, but those who mocked them were eventually overwhelmed by the very thing they had scorned. 6:10, 13:32, 15:11, 23:44, 13:32, 35:4, 35:25 36:30
Then We fulfilled Our promise to them, saving them and those We willed, while destroying the transgressors. 21:9
We sent a messenger to every nation: “Worship Allah and avoid false gods.” Some were guided, while others deserved misguidance. So travel the earth and see the fate of the deniers. 16:36, 37:73
Their recompense is Hell, for they denied and mocked My signs and messengers. 18:106
We sent messengers to nations before you, and We afflicted them with hardship and suffering so they might humble themselves. 6:42, 7:94, 10:47
Yet if they turn away, say, “I have warned you of a thunderbolt like that which struck Aad and Thamud.” 41:13
As for Thamud, We guided them, but they preferred blindness over guidance. So the thunderbolt of humiliation seized them for what they had earned. 41:17, 51:44, 69:5
Then We replaced hardship with ease, until they prospered and said, “Our forefathers also faced hardship and ease.” Then We seized them suddenly, while they were unaware. 7:95
Had the people of the towns believed and been mindful, We would have showered blessings upon them from the heavens and the earth. But they rejected the truth, so We seized them for what they had earned. 7:96, 11:67, 34:45, 40:22, 40:70, 40:78, 40:83, 43:48, 65:8, 91:14
So, an earthquake seized them, and they lay lifeless in their homes. 7:78, 7:91, 11:94
Then the blast overtook them at sunrise. 15:73, 15:83, 26:158
We afflicted Pharaoh’s people with drought and famine, so they might take heed. 7:130
That is because their messengers came to them with clear proofs, but they said, “Shall humans guide us?” So they turned away, and Allah had no need of them. 64:6
This has been Our way with the messengers We sent before you, and you will find no change in Our decree. 17:77
Yet We sent warners among them. 37:72
So, see what became of those who were warned, 37:73
Except for Allah’s devoted servants. 37:74
Satan
Never did We send a messenger or prophet before you without Satan casting something into his message. But Allah nullifies what Satan interjects, then affirms His revelations. 22:52
He allows this so He may test those with sickness in their hearts and those hardened in disbelief. Truly, the wrongdoers are steeped in opposition. 22:53
Enemy of Messengers
Thus, We have allowed every prophet to face enemies, devils from among humans and jinn, who whisper deceptive words to one another. Had your Lord willed, they would not have done so. So, leave them and their fabrications. 6:112
O assembly of jinn and humans! Did messengers not come to you, reciting My signs and warning you of this Day? They will say, “We bear witness against ourselves.” The worldly life deceived them, and they will testify against themselves that they were disbelievers. 6:130
Who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah or rejects His signs? They will receive their portion, and when Our messengers come to take their souls, they will say, “Where are those you invoked besides Allah?” They will reply, “They have abandoned us.” Thus, they will bear witness against themselves that they were disbelievers. 7:37
Whoever opposes Allah, His angels, His messengers, Gabriel, and Michael, then Allah is an enemy to the disbelievers. 2:98
Messengers before you were denied, but they endured rejection and harm until Our help came. No one can alter Allah’s words. You have already received news of past messengers. 6:34
Killing Prophets
The Children of Israel were repeatedly warned, yet whenever messengers came with truths they disliked, they rejected some and killed others. 3:21, 3:112, 3:181, 4:155, 5:70
Say to them, ‘Messengers before me came with clear proofs and even with what you ask for, yet you rejected them. Why then did you kill the prophets if you were truthful?’ 3:183
Denied
We have narrated to you the stories of those before. Their messengers came to them with clear proofs, but they refused to believe in what they had rejected before. This is how We seal the hearts of the disbelievers. 3:184, 7:101, 35:25
Saved
Then We save Our messengers and those who believe. It is Our duty to save the faithful. 10:103
Distinction
Those who reject Allah and His messengers, seeking to divide faith, believing in some while denying others, are truly misguided. 4:150
We favoured some prophets over others 17:55
Indeed, Allah chose Adam, Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above all people, 3:33
No Distinction
Say, ‘We believe in Allah and in what was revealed to us, and in what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and their descendants, and in what was given to Moses, Jesus, and the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them 2:285, 3:84, 4:163
Captives
It is not for a prophet to take captives until he has fully subdued the land. You desire the gains of this world, but Allah desires the Hereafter. 8:67
Peace
And peace be upon the messengers. 37:181
Adam
Creation
We had already made a covenant with Adam, but he forgot, and We found no resolve in him. 20:115
And when your Lord said to the angels, “I will create a human being from refined clay, shaped from dust, clay or darkened mud,” 3:59, 7:11, 15:28, 38:71
He created him from dust, then said to him, ‘Be,’ and he was. 3:59
“And when I have fashioned him and breathed into him of My spirit. 15:29, 38:72
Naming Animals
Then He taught Adam the names of all things and presented them to the angels, saying, 'Tell Me their names if you are truthful.' 2:31
They responded, 'Glory be to You! We have no knowledge except what You have taught us. 2:32
Allah said, 'O Adam, inform them of their names.' When Adam did so, Allah declared, 'Did I not tell you that I know the unseen of the heavens and the earth, and I know what you reveal and what you conceal?' 2:33
Bowing to Adam
And when We commanded the angels, 'Bow before Adam,' they all obeyed except Iblis, who refused and acted arrogantly, becoming one of the disbelievers. 2:34, 7:11, 15:29, 15:30, 15:31, 17:61, 18:50, 20:116, 38:72, 38:73, 38:74
Allah said, "O Iblis, what prevented you from prostrating to what I created with My own hands? Were you too proud, or were you among the exalted?" 15:32, 38:75
He replied, "I am better than him. You created me from fire, and him from clay." 15:33, 17:61, 38:76
Allah said, "Then leave, for you are accursed." 15:34, 38:77
"And My curse is upon you until the Day of Judgment." 15:35, 38:78
He said, “Do You see this one whom You have honoured above me? If You delay me until the Day of Resurrection, I will surely lead his descendants astray, except a few.” 15:36, 15:39, 15:40, 17:62, 38:79, 38:82, 38:83
Allah said, “You are granted respite.” 15:37, 38:80
“Until the appointed time.” 15:38, 38:81
He was of the jinn and defied his Lord’s command. Will you then take him and his descendants as allies instead of Me, though they are your enemies? What a miserable exchange for the wrongdoers! 18:50
Iblis said, "By Your might, I will surely mislead them all." 38:82
"Except Your chosen servants." 38:83
Allah said, "The truth is what I say." 38:84
"I will fill Hell with you and all who follow you." 38:85
Allah said, “This is the straight path leading to Me.” 15:41
“You will have no authority over My servants, except those who willingly follow you in error.” 15:42
Adam and his Wife - The Fall
We said, “O Adam, this is an enemy to you and your wife, do not let him drive you from Paradise, or you will suffer.” 20:117
We said, 'O Adam, dwell in Paradise, you and your spouse, and enjoy its bounty freely, but do not approach this tree, lest you become wrongdoers.' 2:35, 7:19
“Here, you will neither go hungry nor be unclothed.” 20:118
“Nor will you thirst or suffer from the sun’s heat.” 20:119
But Satan whispered to him, saying, “Shall I show you the tree of eternity and a kingdom that never fades?” 20:120
Then Satan whispered to them, revealing what had been hidden of their nakedness. He said, “Your Lord only forbade this tree to keep you from becoming angels or attaining immortality.” 7:20
And he swore to them, “I am truly your sincere advisor.” 7:21
Then Satan caused them to slip and led them out of their blissful state. We said, 'Descend as enemies to one another, and on earth you will have a dwelling and provision for a time.' 2:36
So, they both ate from it, and their nakedness became apparent to them, and they began covering themselves with leaves from Paradise. Adam disobeyed his Lord and erred. 20:121
He said, “Descend, all of you, as enemies to one another. But when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows it will neither go astray nor suffer.” 20:123
So, he deceived them. When they tasted the tree, their nakedness became exposed, and they began covering themselves with leaves from the Garden. Their Lord called to them, “Did I not forbid you from this tree and tell you that Satan is your sworn enemy?” 7:22, 36:60
They said, “Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves. If You do not forgive us and show mercy, we will surely be among the lost.” 7:23
He said, “Descend, as enemies to one another. On earth, you will have a dwelling and provision for a time.” 7:24
He said, “There you will live, there you will die, and from it, you will be brought forth.” 7:25
Then Adam received words of guidance from his Lord, and Allah accepted his repentance. 2:37, 20:122
We said, 'Descend from here, all of you. But when guidance comes to you from Me, those who follow it will have no fear, nor will they grieve. 2:38, 20:123
O children of Adam! We have provided you with garments to cover your nakedness and as adornment. But the garment of righteousness is best. This is one of Allah’s signs, so that you may reflect. 7:26
Indeed, Allah chose Adam, Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above all people, 17:70, 3:33
O children of Adam! Do not let Satan deceive you as he did your parents, driving them out of the Garden, stripping them of their garments to expose their nakedness. 7:27
Adam's Sons
Cain and Abel
Tell them the story of Adam’s two sons, when they each offered a sacrifice. One was accepted, the other was not. The rejected one said, “I will kill you!” The other replied, “Allah accepts only from the righteous.” 5:27
“Even if you raise your hand to kill me, I will not raise mine against you. I fear Allah, the Lord of all worlds.” 5:28
“I would rather you bear the burden of my sin and your own, and become one of the people of the Fire. That is the fate of the wrongdoers.” 5:29
His soul urged him to kill his brother, and so he did, becoming one of the doomed. 5:30
Then Allah sent a raven scratching the earth, showing him how to bury his brother’s body. He cried, “Woe to me! Am I so helpless that I could not do as this bird?” And he became full of regret. 5:31
Noah
Introduction
Recite to them the story of Noah. He said to his people, “If my presence and my reminders of Allah distress you, then I place my trust in Him. So gather your plans with your partners, then decide your course without hesitation. 7:59, 10:71, 11:25,14:9, 21:76, 26:107, 29:14, 71:1, 71:2
Have they not heard of those before them, Noah’s people? Their messengers brought them clear proofs, but Allah did not wrong them; they wronged themselves. 9:70
“Do not worship anyone but Allah. I fear for you the punishment of a dreadful day.” 7:59, 11:26, 14:10, 23:23
Warning
But the chiefs among his people, who disbelieved, said, “We see you as nothing but a human like us, and we see that only the lowest among us follow you without thinking. We see no superiority in you over us. In fact, we think you are lying.” 7:60, 11:27, 14:10, 23:24
He replied: O my people, I am not in error, I am a messenger from the Lord of all worlds. 7:61, 26:115
I convey to you the messages of my Lord and give you sincere advice. I know from Allah what you do not know. 7:62
He said, “O my people, consider this: If I stand upon clear proof from my Lord and He has granted me mercy, but you are blind to it, should we force it upon you when you dislike it?” 11:28
If you turn away, I have not asked you for any reward; my reward is only from Allah. I have been commanded to submit to Him.” 10:72, 11:29, 26:109
“O my people, who will protect me from Allah if I drive them away? Will you not reflect?” 11:30
“I do not claim to possess Allah’s treasures, nor do I know the unseen, nor do I say that I am an angel. Nor do I say that those you look down upon will not receive Allah’s mercy; Allah knows best what is within them. If I did, I would be among the wrongdoers.” 11:31
Do you wonder that a reminder has come to you from your Lord through a man from among you, to warn you and that you may be mindful, and perhaps receive mercy? 7:63, 26:106, 71:3
But they denied him, so We saved him and those with him in the Ark, and We drowned those who rejected Our signs, they were indeed a blind people. 7:64
Their messengers replied, “We are indeed human like you, but Allah favours whomever He wills among His servants. We cannot bring proof except by His permission. In Him, let the faithful place their trust.” 14:11
“Why should we not trust in Allah when He has guided us? We will endure your persecution, and upon Allah, the reliant should rely.” 14:12
Rejected
And the people of Noah, when they denied the messengers, We drowned them and made them a sign for humanity. We have prepared a painful punishment for the wrongdoers. 11:32, 26:105, 25:37, 26:111, 54:9
Forgiveness
He said, “Only Allah will bring it upon you if He wills, and you cannot escape it.” 11:33
He will forgive your sins and delay your end until a set time. When Allah’s time arrives, it cannot be postponed, if only you understood.” 71:4
“Even if I wish to advise you, my advice will not benefit you if Allah wills to let you stray. He is your Lord, and to Him you will return.” 11:34
Rejected
They said, “Noah, if you do not stop, you will surely be stoned.” 26:116
He said, “My Lord, my people have denied me. 23:26. 26:117, 37:75, 54:10
He said, “I have no knowledge of what they do. 26:112
Their account is only with my Lord, if you could understand. 26:113
I will not drive away the believers. 26:114
Then I called them openly, 71:8
Then I spoke to them both publicly and privately, 71:9
And I said, ‘Ask your Lord for forgiveness, He is truly forgiving. 71:10
He said, “My Lord, I have called my people night and day, 71:5
But my calling only made them turn away further. 71:6
Every time I invited them to Your forgiveness, they thrust their fingers into their ears, covered themselves with their garments, persisted, and grew more arrogant. 71:7
Judgement
Noah said, “My Lord, they have defied me and followed those whose wealth and children only lead them to ruin. 71:21
They have plotted great schemes, 71:22
And said, ‘Do not abandon your gods, do not forsake Wadd, or Suwāʿ, or Yaghūth, or Yaʿūq, or Nasr.’ 71:23
They have led many astray. So do not increase the wrongdoers except in confusion.” 71:24
So, judge between me and them decisively, and save me and the believers with me.” 26:118
And it was revealed to Noah: “None of your people will believe except those who have already believed, so do not grieve over what they do.” 11:36
The Ship
So, We inspired him: “Build the Ark under Our watch and guidance. When Our command comes and the oven overflows, load into it a pair of every kind, along with your family, except those already condemned. And don’t plead with Me for the wrongdoers, they will be drowned.” 11:37, 23:27, 25:37
“Then, when you and those with you are settled in the Ark, say: ‘Praise be to Allah, who saved us from the wrongdoing people.’” 23:28
As he built the Ark, whenever the chiefs among his people passed by, they mocked him. He said, “If you mock us now, we will soon mock you just as you mock us.” 11:38, 54:9
“You will soon know who will face a punishment that disgraces them in this world, and who will receive an everlasting torment.” 11:39
Before them, the people of Noah denied the truth, as did the groups after them. But I seized them 40:5
They are the descendants of those We carried with Noah; he was a truly grateful servant. 17:3
The Flood
But they denied him, so We saved him and those with him in the Ark, and We drowned those who rejected Our signs, they were indeed a blind people. 7:64, 10:73, 11:89, 21:76, 21:77, 25:37, 26:119, 26:120, 29:15, 37:76, 37:82, 51:46, 69:11, 69:12, 71:25
Noah said, “My Lord, do not leave a single disbeliever on the earth. 71:26
If You leave them, they will mislead Your servants and give birth only to wicked, ungrateful ones. 71:27
My Lord, forgive me, my parents, and whoever enters my house in faith, and all believing men and women. And do not increase the wrongdoers except in ruin.” 71:28
So We opened the gates of heaven with pouring water, 54:11
And We caused the earth to gush forth with springs, the waters met by decree. 54:12
When Our command came and the oven overflowed, We said, “Load onto the Ark a pair of every creature, along with your family, except those against whom judgment has already been passed, and those who believe.” But only a few believed with him. 11:40
And the overturned cities, He brought them down, 53:53
And covered them with what He covered. 53:54
Noah said, “Board it! In the name of Allah, may it sail and anchor. 11:41
And We carried him upon a vessel of planks and nails, 54:13
As the Ark sailed through waves like mountains, Noah called to his son, who stood apart, “O my son, board with us and do not be with the disbelievers.” 11:42, 54:14
He replied, “I will take refuge on a mountain that will protect me from the water.” Noah said, “Today, nothing can protect from Allah’s decree except those whom He shows mercy.” Then the waves came between them, and he was among the drowned. 11:43
Waters Recede
It was said, “O earth, swallow your water, and O sky, cease!” The flood receded, the command was fulfilled, and the Ark came to rest on Mount Judi. It was declared, “Away with the wrongdoing people!” 11:44
Noah called to his Lord, saying, “My Lord, my son was part of my family, and Your promise is true. You are the most just of judges.” 11:45
Allah said, “O Noah, he was not of your family; his deeds were unrighteous. Do not ask Me about matters you do not understand. I warn you, lest you be among the ignorant.” 11:46
Noah said, “My Lord, I seek refuge in You from asking what I do not understand. If You do not forgive me and show mercy, I will be among the losers.” 11:47
“And say: ‘My Lord, grant me a blessed landing, you are the best of those who bring to shore.’” 23:29
We saved him and his family from the great disaster. 37:76
And We made his descendants the survivors. 37:77
Rewarded
It was said, “O Noah, disembark in peace and blessings upon you and upon nations that will descend from you. But other nations We will grant enjoyment, then they will face a painful punishment.” 11:48, 37:78
And We left it as a sign, so is there any who will take heed? 23:30, 26:121, 54:15
“Peace be upon Noah among all peoples.” 37:79
This is how We reward those who do good. 37:80
He was truly one of Our faithful servants. 37:81
Aftermath
Then after them, We raised another generation. 23:31
And We sent to them a messenger from among themselves: “Worship Allah, you have no Allah but Him. Will you not be mindful?” 23:32
But the elite among his people, who disbelieved and denied the meeting of the Hereafter, and whom We had indulged in worldly ease, said, “He’s just a man like you, he eats what you eat and drinks what you drink. 23:33
If you obey a man like yourselves, you’ll be losers. 23:34
Does he promise that when you die and become dust and bones, you’ll be brought back to life? 23:35
Far-fetched, far-fetched is what you’re promised! 23:36
These are unseen events We reveal to you. You did not know them, nor did your people before this. So be patient, the outcome belongs to the righteous. 11:49
Enoch - Idris
Idrees
And mention in the Book Idris, he was a man of truth and a prophet. 19:56, 21:85
And We raised him to a lofty station. 19:57
Abraham
Abraham and Allah
And mention in the Book Abraham, he was a man of truth, a prophet. 9:70, 19:41, 26:69, 37:83
And indeed, We granted Abraham sound judgment early on, for We knew him well. 21:51, 37:84
Those they invoke besides Allah create nothing; rather, they themselves are created. 16:20
They are lifeless, not living, and they do not know when they will be resurrected. 16:21
Your Allah is One. But those who deny the Hereafter, their hearts reject, and they are arrogant. 16:22
Have you not seen the one who argued with Abraham about his Lord, because Allah had given him kingship? Abraham said, ‘My Lord gives life and causes death.’ The man replied, ‘I, too, give life and cause death.’ Abraham said, ‘Allah brings the sun from the east, so bring it from the west.’ The disbeliever was dumbfounded. 2:258
And when Abraham said, ‘My Lord, show me how You give life to the dead.’ Allah replied, ‘Do you not believe?’ He said, ‘I do, but so my heart may be reassured.’ Allah said, ‘Take four birds, train them to come to you, then place them on different hills. Then call them, they will come swiftly. 2:260
Abraham Challenging Idolatry
The way of Abraham, who was upright and did not associate others with Allah.” 6:161
Remember when Abraham said to his father Azar, "Do you take idols as gods? I see that you and your people are in clear error." 6:74, 19:42, 21:52, 26:70, 26:72, 26:73, 29:16, 37:85
They replied, “We found our forefathers worshipping them.” 21:53, 26:71, 26:74
He said, “Have you considered what you worship, 26:75
Remember when Abraham said to his father Azar, "Do you take idols as gods? I see that you and your people are in clear error." 6:74, 21:54, 26:75, 26:76, 37:86
They asked, “Are you speaking the truth, or are you merely jesting?” 21:55
They are enemies to me, except the Lord of the Worlds, 26:77
Then what do you think of the Lord of all worlds?” 37:87
Who created me, and guides me, 26:78
Who feeds me and gives me drink, 26:79
And when I am ill, He heals me, 26:80
Who will cause me to die, then bring me back to life, 26:81
And who I hope will forgive my sins on the Day of Judgment.” 26:82
“My Lord, grant me wisdom, and unite me with the righteous. 26:83
And grant me a reputation of honour among later generations. 26:84
And make me one of the inheritors of the Garden of Bliss. 26:85
And forgive my father, he was among the misguided. 26:86
And do not disgrace me on the Day they are resurrected, 26:87
The Day when neither wealth nor children will benefit, 26:88
Except one who comes to Allah with a pure heart.” 26:89
And Paradise will be brought near to the righteous. 26:90
And Hell will be displayed to the misguided. 26:91
He declared, “Your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, the One who fashioned them. I bear witness to this truth.” 21:56
When night fell, he saw a star and said, "This is my Lord." But when it set, he said, "I do not love things that fade." 6:76, 37:88
Then he saw the moon rising and said, "This is my Lord." But when it disappeared, he said, "If my Lord does not guide me, I will surely be among the lost." 6:77
Then he saw the sun shining and said, "This is my Lord; this is greater!" But when it too set, he declared, "O my people, I am free from what you associate with Allah." 6:78
Thus, We showed Abraham the wonders of the heavens and the earth, so that he might be of those who are certain. 6:75
Abraham Destroys the Idols
And he said to himself, “By Allah, I will surely devise a plan against your idols once you turn away.” 21:57
And said, “I feel unwell.” 37:89
So, they turned away from him and left. 37:90
Then he turned to their gods and said, “Don’t you eat? 37:91
Why don’t you speak?” 37:92
Then he struck them with his right hand. 37:93
So he shattered them all, except the largest one, so they might turn to it for answers. 21:58
They exclaimed, “Who has done this to our gods? He must be a wrongdoer!” 21:59
Some said, “We heard a young man speaking against them, his name is Abraham.” 21:60
They said, “Bring him before the people so they may witness.” 21:61
They asked, “Was it you who did this to our gods, O Abraham?” 21:62, 37:94
He said, “Do you worship what you carve, 37:95
When Allah created you and what you make?” 37:96
He said, “Then why do you worship what cannot benefit or harm you?” 21:66
He replied, “Rather, it was the biggest one among them. Ask them if they can speak.” 21:63
Then they turned inward and said, “Indeed, we are the ones in error.” 21:64
But soon they relapsed and said, “You know well that these idols do not speak.” 21:65
Abraham's Father
He said, “Do you reject my gods, O Abraham? If you do not stop, I will stone you. So, leave me alone for a long time.” 19:46
“O my father, I have received knowledge that you have not, so follow me, and I will guide you to a straight path.” 19:43
“O my father, do not worship Satan. Satan is ever defiant toward the Most Merciful.” 19:44
“O my father, I fear that a punishment from the Most Merciful may touch you, and you will become a companion of Satan.” 19:45
Abraham's Call to Monotheism
When Abraham said to his father and his people, “I am innocent of what you worship.” 43:26
“Except for He who created me, for He will guide me.” 43:27
And he made it a lasting word among his descendants, so they may return. 43:28
Abraham sought forgiveness for his father only because of a promise he had made. But when he realized his father was an enemy of Allah, he disassociated from him. Abraham was tender-hearted and forbearing. 9:114
He said, “Peace be upon you. I will seek forgiveness for you from my Lord. He is ever gracious to me.” 19:47, 29:16
You worship idols besides Allah and fabricate falsehoods. Those you worship cannot provide for you, seek your provision from Allah, worship Him, and be grateful. To Him you will return.” 29:17
“And I will distance myself from you and from what you invoke besides Allah, and I will call upon my Lord. Perhaps I will not be unblessed in my supplication.” 19:48
“Shame on you and what you worship besides Allah! Will you not reason?” 21:67
His people argued with him. He said, “Do you dispute with me about Allah when He has guided me? I do not fear those you associate with Him, unless my Lord wills otherwise. My Lord encompasses all things in knowledge. Will you not reflect?” 6:80
“How could I fear what you associate with Him, when you do not fear setting up partners with Allah, for which He has sent no authority? Which side is more deserving of security, if you only knew?” 6:81
Those who believe and do not mix their faith with wrongdoing they are the ones who will have security, and they are rightly guided. 6:82
This was Our argument, which We gave to Abraham against his people. We elevate in rank whomever We will. 6:83
Fire
But the only response of Abraham’s people was to say, “Kill him or burn him.” But Allah saved him. Surely in this are signs for people who believe. 21:68, 29:24, 37:97
But We said, “O fire, be coolness and safety for Abraham.” 21:69, 29:24
He said, “You have taken idols besides Allah as a bond among yourselves in this life, but on the Day of Judgment, you will reject and curse one another. Your home will be the Fire, and you will have no helpers.” 29:25
They sought to harm him, but We made them the losers. 21:70, 37:98
The Messengers
Has the story reached you of Abraham’s honoured guests? 51:24
Our messengers came to Abraham with good news. They said, “Peace,” and he replied, “Peace,” then quickly brought them a roasted calf. 11:69, 15:51, 15:52, 29:31, 51:25, 51:26
But when he saw their hands did not reach for it, he became uneasy and fearful. They said, “Do not be afraid, we have been sent to the people of Lot.” 11:70, 15:52, 15:53, 51:27, 51:28
His wife, standing nearby, laughed, and We gave her good news of Isaac, and after Isaac, Jacob. 11:71, 15:53, 51:28
She said, “How can I bear a child when I am old, and my husband is elderly? This is truly astonishing!” 11:72, 15:54, 51:29
They said, “Do you marvel at Allah’s command? May Allah’s mercy and blessings be upon you, O people of this house. He is Praiseworthy, Glorious.” 11:73, 15:55, 51:30
He said, “Who despairs of his Lord’s mercy except those who are lost?” 15:56
He asked, “What is your mission, O messengers?” 15:57, 51:31
And when Our messengers came to Abraham with good news, they said, “We are about to destroy the people of this town, for they are wrongdoers.” 15:58, 29:31, 51:32, 51:33, 51:34
When Abraham’s fear subsided and the good news reached him, he pleaded with Us concerning the people of Lot. 11:74, 29:32
Abraham was truly forbearing, tender-hearted, and always turning to Allah. 11:75
“O Abraham, abandon this plea, your Lord’s command has been issued, and an irreversible punishment will come upon them.” 11:76, 29:32
So We evacuated all the believers who were in it, 51:35
And found in it only one house of those who submitted. 51:36
And We left in it a sign for those who fear the painful punishment. 51:37
But Lot believed in him and said, “I will migrate to my Lord, He is the Almighty, the Wise.” 21:71, 29:26
And We delivered him and Lot to the land We blessed for all people. 21:71
But Lot believed in him and said, “I will migrate to my Lord, He is the Almighty, the Wise.” 29:26
My Lord, grant me a child from among the righteous.” 37:100
And We granted him Isaac and Jacob, guiding them all. And before them, We guided Noah. And among his descendants were David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron, thus We reward those who do good. 6:84, 19:49, 21:72, 29:27, 37:101
We made them leaders, guiding by Our command, and inspired them to do good, establish prayer, and give charity. 21:73
And We granted them Our mercy and gave them a noble reputation. 19:50
And mention in the Book Ishmael, he was true to his promise and was a messenger and a prophet. 19:54
He used to command his people to pray and give charity, and he was pleasing to his Lord. 19:55
“Praise be to Allah, who granted me, Ishmael and Isaac in old age. My Lord is the Hearer of prayers.” 14:39
Sacrificing his son
And recall when Abraham was tested by his Lord with commands, which he fulfilled. Allah said, 'I will make you a leader for humanity.' Abraham asked, 'And what about my descendants?' Allah replied, 'My covenant does not extend to the wrongdoers. 2:124
When the boy reached an age to walk with him, Abraham said, “My son, I see in a dream that I’m sacrificing you. What do you think?” He replied, “Father, do as you’re commanded. You’ll find me, if Allah wills, among the steadfast.” 37:102
When they both submitted and he laid him down on his side, 37:103
We called out to him, “O Abraham! 37:104
You have fulfilled the vision.” This is how We reward those who do good. 37:105
Truly, this was a clear test. 37:106
And We ransomed him with a magnificent sacrifice. 37:107
We left his name among later generations, 37:108
“Peace be upon Abraham.” 37:109
This is how We reward the doers of good. 37:110
He was truly one of Our faithful servants. 37:111
And We gave him good news of Isaac, a prophet, among the righteous. 37:112
We blessed him and Isaac. Among their descendants are those who do good and those who clearly wrong themselves. 37:113
Makkah
And when Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the Sacred House, they prayed, 'Our Lord, accept this from us. 2:127
And when Abraham said, 'My Lord, make this land secure and provide its people with sustenance, those who believe in You and the Last Day.' Allah replied, 'As for those who disbelieve, I will grant them enjoyment for a short time, then drive them into the torment of the Fire, what a dreadful fate!' 2:126, 14:35
And remember when We made the Sacred House a place of gathering and security for people, saying, 'Take the standing place of Abraham as a site of prayer.' We commanded Abraham and Ishmael, 'Purify My House for those who circle it, stand in prayer, bow, and prostrate. 2:125, 22:26
“My Lord, they have led many astray. Whoever follows me is of me, but whoever disobeys, You are Forgiving, Merciful.” 14:36
Our Lord, make us devoted to You, and from our descendants, a nation that submits to You. Teach us our rites and accept our repentance 2:128
“Our Lord, I have settled some of my descendants in a barren valley near Your Sacred House, so they may establish prayer. So, fill the hearts of people with love for them and provide them with sustenance, that they may be grateful.” 14:37
Our Lord, send among them a messenger from their own people, who will recite Your revelations, teach them the Book and wisdom, and purify them. 2:129
Who would turn away from the way of Abraham except one who is foolish? We chose him for a noble mission in this world, and in the Hereafter, he will be among the righteous. 2:130
“Praise be to Allah, who granted me, Ishmael and Isaac in old age. 14:39
“My Lord, make me steadfast in prayer, and my descendants as well. Accept my supplication.” 14:40
“Our Lord, forgive me, my parents, and the believers on the Day of Reckoning.” 14:41
When his Lord said, 'Submit,' he replied, 'I submit to the Lord of all worlds.' 2:131
Abraham instructed his children, and so did Jacob: 'O my children, Allah has chosen this way for you, so do not die except in full submission to Him.' 2:132
Lot
Introduction
And Lot was indeed one of the messengers. 37:133
Sodom
And We granted Lot wisdom and knowledge and saved him from the wicked people. 21:74
And Lot said to his people, “Do you commit such an indecent act, one that no people before you ever did?” 7:80, 27:54, 29:28
“You approach men instead of women in lust. You have truly gone beyond all bounds.” 7:81, 26:165, 26:166, 27:55, 29:29
When the messengers came to Lot’s household, 15:61
He said, “You are strangers to me.” 15:62
When Our messengers came to Lot, he was distressed and felt powerless to protect them. He said, “This is a terrible day.” 11:77
And when Our messengers came to Lot, he was distressed and uneasy. They said, “Do not fear or grieve, we will save you and your family, except your wife, who is among the doomed.” 29:33
They said, “No, we bring you what they have been doubting.” 15:63
“We bring you truth, and we are truthful.” 15:64
The people of Lot denied the messengers. 26:160, 54:33
But his people’s only response was, “Expel them from your town! They wish to remain pure.” 7:82
Their brother Lot said to them, “Will you not be mindful? 26:161
I am a faithful messenger to you. 26:162
So be mindful of Allah and obey me. 26:163
I ask no payment from you; my reward is only from the Lord of the Worlds. 26:164
His people rushed toward him, already accustomed to wickedness. He said, “O my people, here are my daughters, they are purer for you. Fear Allah and do not disgrace me concerning my guests. Is there no righteous man among you?” 11:78, 15:68, 15:69, 15:71
Lot said, “These are my guests, so do not disgrace me.” 15:68
“Fear Allah and do not shame me.” 15:69
They said, “Did we not forbid you from hosting strangers?” 15:70
They said, “You know we have no interest in your daughters, and you know what we desire.” 11:79
Lot said, “If only I had the strength to resist you, or could seek refuge in a strong support!” 11:80
They said, “Did we not forbid you from hosting strangers?” 15:70
They said, “If you do not stop, Lot, you will surely be expelled.” 26:167, 27:56
He said, “I detest your actions. 26:168
Sodom's Destruction
You approach men instead of women, and you commit evil openly.” But their only response was, “Bring us Allah’s punishment, if you are truthful.” 29:29
My Lord, save me and my family from what they do.” 26:169, 29:30
The angels said, “O Lot, we are messengers from your Lord, they cannot harm you. Leave with your family during the night, and let none of you look back, except your wife; she will face the same fate as them. Their appointed time is the morning, is the morning not near?” 11:81, 15:65
They said, “Do not fear or grieve, we will save you and your family, except your wife, who is among the doomed.” 29:33
“We will bring down upon the people of this town a punishment from heaven for their corruption.” 29:34
And We conveyed to him Our decree, that the last remnants of those people would be wiped out by morning. 15:66
And he had warned them of Our punishment, but they doubted the warnings. 54:36
The people of the city came rejoicing. 15:67
By your life, they wandered blindly in their intoxication. 15:72
And they sought to seduce his guests, so We blinded their eyes, “Taste My punishment and warning!” 11:89, 54:37
Then the blast overtook them at sunrise. 15:73
Then We destroyed the rest. 26:172, 37:136
Except an old woman who remained behind. 26:171
When Our command came, We turned their city upside down and rained upon them stones of hardened clay, layer upon layer. 7:84, 11:82, 15:74, 26:173, 27:58, 54:34
And We rained down upon them a storm, so see how the fate of the wicked unfolded. 7:84, 11:83
So, We saved him and his family, except his wife, she was among those who stayed behind. 7:83, 15:59, 15:60, 26:170, 27:57, 37:134, 54:34
Except an old woman who remained behind. 26:171, 37:135
You pass by their ruins, morning 37:137
And night, will you not reflect? 37:138
Surely in this is a sign, but most of them do not believe. 26:174, 29:35
Ishmael
Prophet
And mention in the Book Ishmael, he was true to his promise and was a messenger and a prophet. 19:54
And Ishmael, Idris, and Dhul-Kifl, all were steadfast. 21:85
We admitted them into Our mercy, for they were of the righteous. 21:86
Pray
He used to command his people to pray and give charity, and he was pleasing to his Lord. 19:55
Death
Were you present when death came to Jacob? He asked his sons, 'What will you worship after I am gone?' They replied, 'We will worship your Allah, the Allah of Abraham, Ishmael, and Isaac, the One True Allah, and to Him we submit.' 2:133
Nation
That was a nation who has passed. Theirs is what they earned, and yours is what you earn. You will not be asked about their deeds. 2:134
Joseph
Introduction
"Joseph came to you before with clear signs, but you continued to doubt what he brought. When he died, you said, ‘Allah will not send another messenger after him.’ Thus, Allah leaves the transgressors and doubters to stray." 40:34
Dream
When Joseph said to his father, “O my father, I saw eleven stars, the sun, and the moon, I saw them bowing to me.” 12:4
He said, “O my son, do not share your vision with your brothers, lest they plot against you. Satan is a sworn enemy to humanity.” 12:5
“Thus, your Lord will choose you, teach you the interpretation of dreams, and complete His favour upon you and the family of Jacob, just as He did upon your forefathers Abraham and Isaac. Your Lord is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” 12:6
Plot
In Joseph and his brothers are lessons for those who seek understanding. 12:7
They said, “Joseph and his brother are dearer to our father than we are, though we are a strong group. Our father is clearly mistaken.” 12:8
“Kill Joseph or cast him far away, so our father’s attention will be ours. Then we can be righteous.” 12:9
One of them said, “Do not kill Joseph, throw him into the depths of a well, and perhaps a passing caravan will pick him up, if you must do something.” 12:10
They said, “Father, why do you not trust us with Joseph, though we care for him?” 12:11
“Send him with us tomorrow so he may play and enjoy himself. We will watch over him.” 12:12
He said, “It worries me that you would take him, and I fear a wolf may devour him while you are distracted.” 12:13
They said, “If a wolf eats him while we are a strong group, then we are truly worthless.” 12:14
So they took him away and agreed to place him at the bottom of the well. We inspired him, “One day, you will remind them of this deed while they do not recognize you.” 12:15
That evening, they returned to their father weeping. 12:16
They said, “O father, we were racing, and we left Joseph with our belongings, and the wolf ate him. But you will not believe us, even though we are truthful.” 12:17
They brought his shirt stained with false blood. He said, “Your souls have enticed you to do something. But patience is beautiful, and Allah is my refuge against what you describe.” 12:18
"Potiphar"
A caravan passed by, and they sent their water-carrier. He lowered his bucket and said, “Good news! Here is a boy.” They hid him as merchandise, but Allah was aware of what they did. 12:19
They sold him for a cheap price, a few coins, considering him of little value. 12:20
The Egyptian who bought him said to his wife, “Take good care of him, he may benefit us, or we may adopt him as a son.” Thus, We established Joseph in the land to teach him the interpretation of events. Allah has control over His affairs, but most people do not realize it. 12:21
When he reached maturity, We granted him wisdom and knowledge. This is how We reward the righteous. 12:22
The woman in whose house he lived tried to seduce him. She locked the doors and said, “Come to me.” He replied, “I seek refuge in Allah! My master has treated me well, wrongdoers never succeed.” 12:23
She desired him, and he would have desired her had he not seen his Lord’s proof. Thus, We kept him away from evil and immorality, he was one of Our chosen servants. 12:24
They raced to the door, and she tore his shirt from behind. They found her husband at the door. She said, “What should be the punishment for one who intended harm against your family? Prison or a severe penalty?” 12:25
Joseph said, “It was she who tried to seduce me.” A witness from her household testified, “If his shirt is torn from the front, then she is truthful, and he is lying. 12:26
But if his shirt is torn from the back, then she is lying, and he is truthful.” 12:27
When her husband saw the shirt torn from the back, he said, “This is one of your schemes, your scheming is truly great.” 12:28
“Joseph, ignore this. And you, seek forgiveness for your sin, you were clearly in the wrong.” 12:29
The women of the city gossiped, “The governor’s wife is trying to seduce her servant, she is deeply infatuated! We see her in clear error.” 12:30
When she heard their whispers, she invited them to a banquet, gave each a knife, and said to Joseph, “Come out before them.” When they saw him, they were so stunned that they cut their hands, exclaiming, “This is no mortal, he must be a noble angel!” 12:31
She said, “This is the one you blamed me for. I tried to seduce him, but he resisted. If he does not do as I command, he will be imprisoned and humiliated.” 12:32
Joseph prayed, “My Lord, prison is preferable to what they invite me to. If You do not turn their schemes away from me, I may yield to them and become ignorant.” 12:33
So his Lord answered his prayer and turned their schemes away from him. 12:34
Prison
Yet, despite seeing clear proof, they decided to imprison him for a time. 12:35
Two young men entered prison with him. One said, “I saw myself pressing grapes.” The other said, “I saw myself carrying bread on my head, and birds were eating from it. Tell us what this means, we see you as a righteous man.” 12:36
He replied, “I will interpret your dreams before your next meal arrives. This is part of what my Lord has taught me. I have abandoned the faith of those who do not believe in Allah and deny the Hereafter.” 12:37
“I follow the faith of my forefathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. We do not associate anything with Allah. This is Allah’s grace upon us and upon humanity, but most people are ungrateful.” 12:38
“O my fellow prisoners, are many gods better, or is the One, the Almighty?” 12:39
“You worship nothing but names you and your ancestors invented, Allah has sent no authority for them. Judgment belongs only to Allah. He commands that you worship none but Him. This is the true faith, but most people do not realize it.” 12:40
“O my fellow prisoners, one of you will serve wine to his master, while the other will be crucified, and birds will eat from his head. This is the matter decreed.” 12:41
He said to the one he knew would be freed, “Mention me to your master.” But Satan made him forget to do so, and Joseph remained in prison for several years. 12:42
Pharoah's Dream
The king said, “I saw seven fat cows being eaten by seven lean ones, and seven green ears of grain alongside seven dry ones. Tell me what this means, if you can interpret dreams.” 12:43
They said, “These are confused visions, we do not interpret such dreams.” 12:44
Then the freed prisoner remembered Joseph and said, “I will tell you its meaning, send me to him.” 12:45
He said, “Joseph, O truthful one, explain the dream of seven fat cows eaten by seven lean ones, and seven green ears alongside seven dry ones, so I may return with understanding.” 12:46
He said, “You will plant for seven years as usual, but leave what you harvest in its ear, except for what you eat.” 12:47
“Then seven difficult years will come, consuming what you stored, except for a little you preserve.” 12:48
“Then a year will follow in which people will have abundant rain and will press juice.” 12:49
The king said, “Bring him to me.” But when the messenger came, Joseph said, “Return to your master and ask him about the women who cut their hands, my Lord knows their schemes.” 12:50
The king asked the women, “What was your affair with Joseph when you tried to seduce him?” They replied, “Allah forbid! We found no wrongdoing in him.” The governor’s wife said, “Now the truth is clear, it was I who sought to seduce him, and he was truthful.” 12:51
Joseph said, “This was so my master may know that I did not betray him in secret, and that Allah does not guide the schemes of the treacherous.” 12:52
“Yet I do not claim to be free of fault, the soul is inclined toward evil, except for those whom my Lord has shown mercy. My Lord is Forgiving, Merciful.” 12:53
The king said, “Bring him to me, so I may appoint him exclusively for myself.” When he spoke with Joseph, he said, “You are now honoured and trusted among us.” 12:54
Joseph said, “Appoint me over the storehouses of the land, I am knowledgeable and trustworthy.” 12:55
Thus, We established Joseph in the land, granting him authority wherever he pleased. We bestow Our mercy upon whomever We will, and We do not let the reward of the righteous go to waste. 12:56
But the reward of the Hereafter is far greater for those who believe and remain mindful of Allah. 12:57
Jacob's Brothers
Joseph’s brothers came and entered his presence, but he recognized them while they did not recognize him. 12:58
When he had provided them with their supplies, he said, “Bring me your brother from your father’s side. Do you not see that I give full measure and am the best of hosts?” 12:59
“If you do not bring him to me, you will receive no more provisions, nor will you be allowed near me.” 12:60
They said, “We will try to persuade his father to send him, and we will do our best.” 12:61
Joseph told his servants to secretly place their goods back into their saddlebags, so they would discover them upon returning home and be encouraged to return. 12:62
When they returned to their father, they said, “O father, we have been denied further provisions. Send our brother with us so we may receive our share. We will watch over him.” 12:63
He said, “Should I trust you with him as I once trusted you with his brother? But Allah is the best protector, and He is the Most Merciful.” 12:64
When they opened their bags, they found their goods returned to them. They said, “O father, what more could we ask for? Our goods have been returned. We will bring food for our family, protect our brother, and receive an extra camel-load. This is an easy trade.” 12:65
He said, “I will not send him with you unless you swear by Allah that you will bring him back unless you are overwhelmed.” When they swore, he said, “Allah is witness to what we say.” 12:66
He said, “O my sons, do not enter the city through one gate, enter through different gates. But I cannot protect you from Allah’s decree. Judgment belongs only to Him. In Him I place my trust, and in Him should the faithful place their trust.” 12:67
When they entered as their father instructed, it did not change Allah’s decree, but it fulfilled Jacob’s inner concern. He had knowledge from Allah that they did not understand. 12:68
When they entered Joseph’s presence, he drew his brother close and said, “I am your brother, so do not grieve over what they have done.” 12:69
When he had provided them with their supplies, he placed the king’s cup in his brother’s bag. Then a caller announced, “O caravan, you are thieves!” 12:70
They turned and asked, “What have you lost?” 12:71
They said, “We have lost the king’s cup, and whoever returns it will receive a camel-load of grain, I guarantee it.” 12:72
They said, “By Allah, you know we did not come to cause corruption in the land, nor are we thieves.” 12:73
They asked, “What should be the penalty if you are lying?” 12:74
They replied, “The penalty for theft is that the thief himself will be taken as compensation. This is how we enforce justice.” 12:75
So he began searching their bags before his brother’s, then finally pulled it from his brother’s sack. Thus, We devised a plan for Joseph, he could not have taken his brother under the king’s law unless Allah had willed. We elevate in rank whom We choose, and above every possessor of knowledge is One who knows all. 12:76
They exclaimed, “If he has stolen, then his brother before him also stole!” But Joseph kept his thoughts to himself and did not reveal them, saying inwardly, “You are in a worse position, and Allah knows best what you claim.” 12:77
They pleaded, “O noble one, he has an elderly father, take one of us in his place. We see you as a man of kindness.” 12:78
He replied, “Allah forbid that we take anyone except the one in whose bag we found the item. Otherwise, we would be unjust.” 12:79
When they lost hope, they withdrew to confer privately. The eldest among them said, “Do you not recall your father’s oath and how you failed Joseph before? I will not leave this land until my father permits or Allah decides for me.” 12:80
Joseph's Father
“Return to your father and say, ‘O our father, your son has stolen. We testify only to what we know, and we could not guard against the unseen.’” 12:81
“Ask the town where we were and the caravan we travelled with, they will confirm we speak the truth.” 12:82
Their father said, “No! Your souls have enticed you into something. But patience is beautiful. Perhaps Allah will bring them all back to me. He alone is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” 12:83
He turned away and lamented, “Oh, my sorrow for Joseph!” His eyes turned white with grief, but he suppressed his anguish. 12:84
They said, “By Allah, you will not stop remembering Joseph until you waste away or perish.” 12:85
He replied, “I only express my sorrow and grief to Allah, and I know from Him what you do not.” 12:86
“O my sons, go and search for Joseph and his brother. Do not despair of Allah’s mercy, only those who reject faith despair of His mercy.” 12:87
When they returned to Joseph, they pleaded, “O noble one, hardship has struck us and our family. We have brought meagre goods, please grant us full measure and be charitable to us. Allah rewards those who give.” 12:88
He asked, “Do you remember what you did to Joseph and his brother when you were ignorant?” 12:89
They gasped, “Are you truly Joseph?” He said, “I am Joseph, and this is my brother. Allah has been gracious to us. Whoever is mindful and patient, Allah never lets the reward of the righteous go to waste.” 12:90
They admitted, “By Allah, He has favoured you over us, and we were indeed mistaken.” 12:91
He said, “No blame upon you today. May Allah forgive you, He is the Most Merciful of the merciful.” 12:92
“Take my shirt and place it over my father’s face, his sight will return. Then bring your family to me.” 12:93
As the caravan departed, their father said, “I sense Joseph’s scent, though you may think me deluded.” 12:94
They said, “By Allah, you are still lost in your old longing.” 12:95
But when the bearer of good news arrived, he placed the shirt over his face, and his sight was restored. He exclaimed, “Did I not tell you that I know from Allah what you do not?” 12:96
They pleaded, “O our father, seek forgiveness for us, we were truly in error.” 12:97
He said, “I will ask my Lord to forgive you, He is the Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.” 12:98
When they entered Joseph’s presence, he embraced his parents and said, “Enter Egypt in peace, if Allah wills.” 12:99
He raised his parents to the throne, and they all bowed before him. He said, “O my father, this is the fulfilment of my dream from before. My Lord has made it come true. He was kind to me when He freed me from prison and brought you from the desert after Satan had sown discord between me and my brothers. My Lord is subtle in His plans, He is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” 12:100
"My Lord, You have granted me authority and taught me the wisdom of interpreting dreams. Creator of the heavens and the earth, You are my guardian in this life and the next. Let me depart in submission to You and unite me with the righteous." 12:101
Moses
Introduction
And mention in the Book Moses, he was chosen, a messenger, and a prophet. 19:51
And Allah spoke directly to Moses. 4:164
“Peace be upon Moses and Aaron.” 37:120
This is how We reward those who do good. 37:121
They were truly among Our faithful servants. 37:122
The Criterion
Then We gave Moses the Book, complete for those who do good, explaining everything, a guidance and mercy, so they may believe in the meeting with their Lord. 6:154
We certainly favoured Moses and Aaron, 37:114
And delivered them and their people from great distress. 37:115
We gave Moses the Scripture, but people disputed over it. Had it not been for a prior decree from your Lord, their matter would have been settled. They remain in unsettling doubt about it. 11:110
We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guide for the Children of Israel: “Do not take anyone besides Me as your protector.” 2:53, 17:2, 23:49, 32:23, 37:117, 37:118
And We gave Moses the Book after We destroyed the earlier generations, as enlightenment for humanity, guidance, and mercy, so they may reflect. 28:43
Indeed, We gave Moses the Book and sent messengers after him. 2:87
We gave Moses the Book, but disputes arose over it. Had it not been for a prior decree from your Lord, judgment would have been settled between them. Yet they remain in doubt about it. 41:45
We gave Moses the Book and appointed his brother Aaron as his helper. 25:35
Those who fear their Lord unseen and dread the Hour. 21:49
Moses as a Baby
We narrate to you the story of Moses and Pharaoh in truth, for people who believe. 28:3
Pharaoh exalted himself in the land, dividing its people into factions. He oppressed one group, slaughtering their sons while sparing their daughters. He was truly a corrupter. 28:4
But We willed to favour those who were oppressed, to make them leaders, and to make them inheritors. 28:5
And to establish them in the land, and to show Pharaoh, Haman, and their troops the very thing they feared. 28:6
We inspired the mother of Moses: “Nurse him, but when you fear for him, cast him into the river. Do not fear or grieve, We will return him to you and make him one of the messengers.” 28:7
Pharaoh’s household picked him up, unaware that he would become their enemy and a source of sorrow. Pharaoh, Haman, and their troops were sinners. 28:8
Pharaoh’s wife said, “A delight for my eyes and yours, do not kill him. Perhaps he will benefit us, or we may adopt him as a son.” But they did not foresee. 28:9
The heart of Moses’ mother became empty. She was about to reveal the truth, had We not strengthened her heart so she would remain faithful. 28:10
She said to his sister, “Follow him.” So, she watched him from afar, while they were unaware. 28:11
We had already forbidden him from nursing. So she said, “Shall I tell you of a family who can care for him and raise him with kindness?” 28:12
Thus, We returned him to his mother, so she would be comforted and not grieve, and so she would know that Allah’s promise is true. But most of them do not know. 28:13
When he reached maturity and strength, We granted him wisdom and knowledge. Thus do We reward the righteous. 28:14
Moses as a Young Man
One day, he entered the city unnoticed and found two men fighting, one from his people, the other from his enemies. The man from his people called for help, so Moses struck the enemy and killed him. He said, “This is from Satan’s work, he is a clear deceiver.” 28:15
He said, “My Lord, I have wronged myself, so forgive me.” And He forgave him. He is the Forgiving, the Merciful. 28:16
He said, “My Lord, because of Your favour upon me, I will never support the wrongdoers.” 28:17
The next morning, he walked in the city, fearful and watchful. Then the same man who sought his help the day before cried out again. Moses said, “You are clearly a troublemaker.” 28:18
But when he was about to strike the enemy, the man said, “O Moses, do you intend to kill me as you killed someone yesterday? You only want to be a tyrant in the land; you do not seek to make peace.” 28:19
Then a man came running from the farthest part of the city, saying, “O Moses, the authorities are plotting to kill you, so leave. I am giving you sincere advice.” 28:20
So, he left, fearful and vigilant, saying, “My Lord, save me from the wrongdoing people.” 28:21
When he headed toward Midian, he said, “Perhaps my Lord will guide me to the right path.” 28:22
When he arrived at the wells of Midian, he found a crowd watering their flocks, and two women standing aside, holding theirs back. He said, “What is your situation?” They said, “We cannot water until the shepherds leave, and our father is an elderly man.” 28:23
So he watered their flock for them, then withdrew to the shade and said, “My Lord, I am in dire need of whatever good You send my way.” 28:24
Then one of the women approached him, walking modestly, and said, “My father invites you to reward you for watering our flock.” When he came to him and told his story, the old man said, “Do not fear, you have escaped the wrongdoing people.” 28:25
One of the daughters said, “Father, hire him. The best person you can hire is strong and trustworthy.” 28:26
He said, “I wish to marry you to one of my daughters, on the condition that you work for me for eight years. If you complete ten, that is from your generosity. I do not wish to burden you; you will find me fair.” 28:27
Moses said, “That is settled between us. Whichever term I complete, let there be no injustice against me. And Allah is witness over what we say.” 28:28
The Burning Bush
Has the story of Moses reached you? 20:9, 26:10, 79:15
When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Ṭuwa, 79:16
When he saw a fire, he said to his family, “Stay here, for I have noticed a fire. Perhaps I can bring you a torch or find guidance there.” 20:10
When Moses said to his family, “I have seen a fire, I will bring you news from it, or a burning ember so you may warm yourselves.” 27:7, 28:29
We called him from the right side of the mountain and brought him near for a private conversation. 19:52
But when he reached it, he was called from the right side of the valley, from the blessed ground: “O Moses, it is I, Allah, Lord of the Worlds.” 28:30
But when he reached it, he was called: “Blessed is the One within the fire and the One around it. Glory be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. 27:8
But when he approached it, he was called, “O Moses!” 20:11, 27:9
“I am your Lord. Remove your sandals, for you are in the sacred valley of Tuwa.” 20:12, 27:9, 28:30
“I have chosen you, so listen carefully to what is revealed.” 20:13
“I am Allah, there is no deity but Me. So, worship Me and establish prayer for My remembrance.” 20:14
“The Hour is coming, though I keep it hidden, so that every soul may be rewarded for its efforts.” 20:15
“Do not let those who deny it and follow their desires turn you away from it, lest you perish.” 20:16
“What is that in your right hand, O Moses?” 20:17
He said, “It is my staff, I lean on it, use it to herd my sheep, and have other uses for it.” 20:18
Cast down your staff.” But when he saw it writhing like a serpent, he turned away, not looking back. “O Moses, do not fear, messengers do not fear in My presence. 20:19, 20:20, 20:21, 27:10, 28:31
But whoever has done wrong, then replaces evil with good 27:11
Now place your hand inside your cloak, it will emerge white, without blemish, among nine signs for Pharaoh and his people, for they are a rebellious people.” 20:22, 27:12, 28:32
among nine signs for Pharaoh and his people, for they are a rebellious people.” 27:12, 28:32
“Thus, We show you some of Our greatest signs.” 20:23
“Go to Pharaoh, for he has transgressed.” 20:24, 25:36, 26:11, 27:12, 28:32, 79:17
Say to him, ‘Would you purify yourself? 79:18
Shall I guide you to your Lord, so you may stand in awe?’” 79:19
He said, “My Lord, I fear they will reject me. 26:12, 28:34
And my heart tightens, and my tongue is not fluent, so send Aaron too. 26:13
And they have a charge against me, so I fear they will kill me.” 26:14, 28:33
Moses said, “My Lord, expand my heart for me.” 20:25
“Ease my task for me.” 20:26
“And untie the knot from my tongue.” 20:27
“So, they may understand my speech.” 20:28
“And appoint for me an assistant from my family.” 20:29
And We granted him, out of Our mercy, his brother Aaron as a prophet. 19:53
“Aaron, my brother.” 20:30, 28:34
“Strengthen me through him.” 20:31, 28:34
“And let him share in my mission.” 20:32, 28:34
“So that we may glorify You abundantly.” 20:33
“And remember You constantly.” 20:34
“You are always watching over us.” 20:35
He said, “No. Go, both of you, with Our signs. We are with you, listening. 26:15
He said, “We will strengthen you with your brother, and We will grant you both authority, so they cannot harm you. With Our signs, you and those who follow you will triumph.” 28:35
He said, “Your request has been granted, O Moses.” 20:36, 25:35
“And We had already favoured you before.” 20:37
“When We inspired your mother with this command:” 20:38
“‘Place him in a chest and cast it into the river. The river will carry him to shore, where an enemy of Mine and his will take him.’ And I cast My love upon you so that you would be raised under My watchful eye.” 20:39
“When your sister walked along and said, ‘Shall I guide you to someone who will care for him?’ So We returned you to your mother, easing her sorrow.” Then you slew a soul, and We rescued you from sorrow, and tested you through many trials. You dwelled for years among the people of Midian, and then arrived at the appointed moment, O Moses. 20:40
“Then you killed a man, but We saved you from distress and tested you thoroughly. You stayed among the people of Midian for years, then came at the appointed time, O Moses.” 20:41
“And I have chosen you for Myself.” 20:42
“Go, you and your brother, with My signs, and do not falter in remembering Me.” 20:43
“Speak to Pharaoh gently, so that he may take heed or fear.” 20:44
They said, “Our Lord, we fear he may act violently or transgress.” 20:45
He said, “Do not fear. I am with you, hearing and seeing.” 20:46
And Allah spoke directly to Moses. 4:164
Moses Meets Pharaoh
“Go to him and say, ‘We are messengers from your Lord. Let the Children of Israel go with us, and do not oppress them. We bring you a sign from your Lord, and peace be upon those who follow guidance.’” 20:47, 26:16, 26:17
We granted Moses nine clear signs, ask the Children of Israel. 17:101, 27:12, 28:32
Then, We sent Moses after them with Our signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they wrongfully rejected them, but they acted arrogantly; they were a wicked people. See how the fate of the corrupt unfolded! 7:103, 10:75, 11:96, 11:97, 14:5, 23:45, 23:46
We sent Moses with Our signs: “Lead your people out of darkness into light, and remind them of Allah’s days of favour.” In this are signs for those who are patient and grateful. 37:114, 40:23, 40:24, 44:17, 51:38
Moses said, “O Pharaoh, I am a messenger from the Lord of all worlds, 7:104, 44:18
When he came to them, Pharaoh said, “Moses, I think you are bewitched.” 17:101
Pharaoh said, “Did we not raise you among us as a child? And you stayed among us for many years. 26:18
And you committed that deed you committed, and you were ungrateful.” 26:19
Moses said, “I did it then, when I was astray. 26:20
And I fled from you when I feared you. But my Lord granted me wisdom and made me one of the messengers. 26:21
Is that the favour you taunt me with, while you have enslaved the Children of Israel?” 26:22
“‘It has been revealed to us that punishment awaits those who deny and turn away.’” 20:48
Do not exalt yourselves above Allah. I come to you with clear authority. 44:19
Pharaoh said, “Who is your Lord, O Moses?” 20:49, 26:23
He said, “Our Lord is the One who created all things and guided them.” 20:50
Moses said, “The Lord of the heavens and the earth and all between them, if you would be certain.” 26:24
I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord, lest you stone me. 44:20
And if you do not believe me, then leave me alone.” 44:21
Pharaoh said to those around him, “Do you not hear?” 26:25
Pharaoh asked, “Then what is the fate of earlier generations?” 20:51
Moses said, “Your Lord and the Lord of your ancestors of old.” 26:26
Pharaoh said, “This messenger of yours, who is sent to you, is surely insane.” 26:27
Moses said, “My Lord knows best who brings guidance from Him and whose end will be best. The wrongdoers will never succeed.” 28:37
Moses said, “Lord of the East and the West and all between them, if you would understand.” 26:28
Moses replied, “Their knowledge is with my Lord, recorded in a book. My Lord neither errs nor forgets.” 20:52
He is the One who made the earth a cradle for you and set pathways upon it, sending down rain from the sky, bringing forth diverse plants. 20:53
Eat and graze your livestock, surely, in this are signs for those of understanding. 20:54
From the earth We created you, to it We will return you, and from it We will bring you forth again. 20:55
Pharaoh said, “O nobles, I do not know of any Allah for you other than myself. So kindle a fire for me, O Haman, and build me a tower so I may look at the Allah of Moses. But I think he is a liar.” Thus, Pharaoh’s evil deeds were made appealing to him, and he was barred from the right path. His schemes led only to ruin. 28:38, 40:36, 40:37
Pharaoh said, “If you take any Allah besides me, I will surely imprison you.” 26:29
Obligated to speak nothing but the truth about Allah. I have come to you with clear proof from your Lord, so let the Children of Israel go with me.” 7:105, 26:30
Moses' Signs
We sent Moses with Our signs: “Lead your people out of darkness into light, and remind them of Allah’s days of favour.” In this are signs for those who are patient and grateful. 14:5
Pharaoh said, “If you have brought a sign, then present it, if you are truthful.” 7:106, 26:31
The believer said, "O my people, follow me, and I will guide you to the right way." 40:38
"O my people, this worldly life is fleeting, but the Hereafter is the lasting home." 40:39
"Whoever does evil will be repaid with its equivalent, but whoever does good, whether male or female, and is faithful, will enter Paradise, where they will be provided for without limit." 40:40
"O my people, why do I call you to salvation while you call me to the Fire?" 40:41
"You invite me to deny Allah and associate with Him what I have no knowledge of, while I call you to the Almighty." 40:42
"There is no doubt that what you call me to has no claim in this world or the Hereafter. Our return is to Allah, and the transgressors will be the people of the Fire." 40:43
"Soon you will remember what I say to you. I entrust my affairs to Allah; He is Watchful over His servants." 40:44
So, Moses threw down his staff, and suddenly it became a serpent, clear to all. 7:107, 26:32
Then he drew his hand out, and it shone white for the onlookers. 7:108, 26:33
The chiefs among Pharaoh’s people said, “This is surely a skilled magician. 7:109, 10:76, 17:101, 26:34, 27:13, 28:36, 51:39
He seeks to drive you out of your land, so what do you propose?” 7:110
They said, “Shall we believe two men like us, while their people are our slaves?” 23:47
Moses said, “Do you call the truth sorcery when it has come to you? Is this sorcery? Sorcerers never succeed.” 10:77
And We gave them signs in which there was a clear test. 44:33
Moses replied, “You know well that none but the Lord of the heavens and the earth has sent these signs as evidence. I believe you are doomed.” 17:102
He said, “Have you come to drive us out of our land with your magic, O Moses?” 20:57
We sent Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, and he said, “I am a messenger of the Lord of the worlds.” 43:46
But when he came to them with Our signs, they ridiculed them. 43:47, 79:20, 79:21
They said, “Have you come to turn us away from what we found our ancestors practicing, so that you may dominate the land? We will never believe in you.” 10:78
We have never heard of this from our ancestors.” 28:36
And they rejected them, though their hearts were certain, out of arrogance and defiance. So see how the fate of the corrupt unfolded. 27:14
Pharaoh's Magicians
They said, “Delay him and his brother, and send gatherers to the cities 7:111, 26:36
To bring every skilled magician to you.” 7:112, 10:79, 26:37
“Then we will bring magic like yours. Set a time for us, neither you nor we shall fail.” 20:58
Moses said, “Your appointed time is the day of the festival, when people gather in the morning.” 20:59
Pharaoh withdrew, devised his scheme, then returned. 20:60
To bring you every experienced magician.” 26:37
So, the magicians were gathered for the appointed day. 26:38
The magicians came to Pharaoh and said, “Shall we have a reward if we prevail?” 7:113, 26:41
He said, “Yes, and you will be among my closest advisors.” 7:114, 26:42
Moses said to them, “Woe to you! Do not fabricate lies against Allah, or He will destroy you with punishment. Whoever invents falsehoods will fail.” 20:61
They debated among themselves, whispering in secret. 20:62
They said, “These two are magicians who seek to drive you from your land and abolish your traditions.” 20:63, 26:35
“So, gather your strength and come forward in ranks. Whoever prevails today will succeed.” 20:64
They said, “O Moses, will you cast first, or shall we?” 7:115, 10:80, 20:65
He said, “You cast.” So, when they cast, they bewitched the people’s eyes and struck fear into them, performing great magic. 7:116, 20:66, 26:43, 26:44
Moses felt a moment of fear within himself. 20:67
We said, “Do not be afraid. You will prevail.” 20:68
When they threw their ropes and staffs, Moses declared, “What you have done is mere illusion; Allah will nullify it. He does not support the work of the corrupt.” 10:81
Allah establishes the truth by His words, even if the guilty dislike it. 10:82
Then, We inspired Moses, “Throw your staff,” and it swallowed what they had faked. 7:117, 20:69, 26:45
So, the truth was established, and their illusions were proven false. 7:118
There and then, they were defeated and humiliated. 7:119
But none believed in Moses except a few from his people, fearing Pharaoh and his chiefs would persecute them. Pharaoh was a tyrant in the land, one who exceeded all bounds. 10:83, 11:97, 85:17, 85:18, 85:19
He will lead his people into the Fire on the Day of Judgment, what a miserable destination! 11:98
The magicians fell in prostration, saying, “We believe in the Lord of Aaron and Moses.” 7:120, 7:121, 7:122, 20:70, 26:46, 26:47, 26:48
Pharaoh said, “Have you believed in him before I gave permission? He must be your master who taught you magic! I will cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides and crucify you on palm trunks. Then you will know whose punishment is more severe and lasting.” 7:123, 7:124, 20:71, 26:49
They said, “We will never prefer you over the clear signs we have received and over the One who created us. So, decree whatever you will, your judgment applies only in this life.” 20:72
“We believe in our Lord, so He may forgive our sins and the magic you forced us to perform. Allah is better and everlasting.” 20:73
“Whoever comes to his Lord as a sinner will have Hell, where he will neither live nor die.” 20:74
They said, “No harm! We will return to our Lord.” 7:125, 26:50
“We hope our Lord will forgive our sins, for we are the first to believe.” 26:51
You only seek revenge because we believed in our Lord’s signs when they came to us. Our Lord, grant us patience and take our souls in submission.” 7:126
Pharaoh Punished
Pharaoh proclaimed to his people, “O my people, is not the kingdom of Egypt mine, with rivers flowing beneath me? Do you not see?” 43:51, 79:21, 79:22, 79:23, 79:24
“Am I not better than this one who is insignificant and barely speaks clearly?” 43:52
“Why were bracelets of gold not sent down upon him, or angels accompanying him?” 43:53
Thus, he fooled his people, and they obeyed him; they were a wicked people. 43:54
And recall when We saved you from Pharaoh’s people, who afflicted you with the worst torment, slaughtering your sons while sparing your women. In this was a great trial from your Lord. 2:49
The chiefs among Pharaoh’s people said, “Will you let Moses and his people spread corruption in the land and abandon you and your gods?” He said, “We will kill their sons and spare their women. We have full control over them.” 2:49, 7:127, 7:141, 14:6, 40:25
Pharaoh said, "Let me kill Moses, and let him call upon his Lord! I fear he may change your religion or spread corruption in the land." 40:26
Moses said, "I seek refuge in my Lord and yours from every arrogant one who does not believe in the Day of Reckoning." 40:27
A believing man from Pharaoh’s people, who concealed his faith, said, "Will you kill a man for saying, ‘My Lord is Allah,’ when he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord? If he is lying, his lie will be upon him. But if he is truthful, some of what he warns will befall you. 40:28
"O my people, today you rule the land, but who will help us against Allah’s punishment if it comes?" Pharaoh said, "I show you only what I see fit, and I guide you only to the right path." 40:29
But the believer said, "O my people, I fear for you a fate like that of past nations." 40:30
Moses said to his people, “Seek help from Allah and be patient. The earth belongs to Allah; He grants it to whomever He wills. The final victory is for the righteous.” 7:128
Moses said, “O my people, if you believe in Allah and submit to Him, then place your trust in Him.” 10:84
They replied, “We place our trust in Allah. Our Lord, do not let us be oppressed by the unjust people. 10:85
Save us by Your mercy from the disbelievers.” 10:86
We inspired Moses and his brother: “Settle your people in Egypt and make your homes places of worship. Establish prayer and give good news to the believers.” 10:87
Moses prayed, “Our Lord, You have given Pharaoh and his chiefs wealth and splendour, leading them to misguide others from Your path. Our Lord, erase their wealth and harden their hearts, so they will not believe until they see the painful punishment.” 10:88
Allah responded, “Your prayer has been answered, so remain steadfast and do not follow the path of the ignorant.” 10:89
They said, “We suffered before you came to us, and we still suffer now.” He said, “Perhaps your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors in the land, to see how you act.” 7:129
We afflicted Pharaoh’s people with drought and famine, so they might take heed. 7:130
But when good came to them, they said, “This is ours.” And when hardship struck, they blamed Moses and his followers. Yet their misfortune was decreed by Allah, though most of them did not realize it. 7:131
They said, “Whatever sign you bring to bewitch us, we will not believe in you.” 7:132
So We sent upon them floods, locusts, lice, frogs, and blood, clear signs, yet they remained arrogant and were a wicked people. 7:133, 20:56
Yet We showed them greater signs, and We seized them with punishment, so they might return. 43:48
Whenever a plague struck them, they pleaded, “O Moses, pray to your Lord for us, as He has promised you. If you remove this plague, we will surely believe and let the Children of Israel go with you.” 7:134, 43:49
But when We removed the plague, they broke their promise. 7:135, 43:50
The Exodus
We inspired Moses, “Travel by night with My servants and make for them a dry path through the sea. Do not fear pursuit, nor be afraid.” 20:77, 26:52, 44:23
Pharaoh sent recruiters through the cities, 26:53
Saying, “These are but a small band, 26:54
And they have enraged us, 26:55
But we are a mighty force, fully prepared.” 26:56
So, We drove them out of gardens and springs, 26:57
Treasures and noble dwellings. 26:58
Thus, it was, and We made the Children of Israel inherit them. 26:59
And they pursued them at sunrise. 26:60
When the two groups saw each other, the companions of Moses said, “We are overtaken!” 26:61
He said, “No! My Lord is with me; He will guide me.” 26:62
Then he called upon his Lord: “These are a people steeped in sin.” 44:22
So, We inspired Moses: “Strike the sea with your staff.” It parted, each side like a towering mountain. 26:63
And We drew the others in. 26:64
He and his troops acted arrogantly in the land, without justification, thinking they would never return to Us. 28:39
We led the Children of Israel across the sea, but Pharaoh and his forces pursued them in tyranny and hostility. When drowning, Pharaoh cried, “I believe that there is no Allah but the One in whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am among those who submit.” 2:50, 10:90, 17:103, 7:136, 20:78, 25:36, 26:66, 28:40, 44:24, 43:55, 51:40
So Allah seized him with punishment, both in this life and the next. 79:25
“Now? When you had rebelled before and spread corruption?” 10:91
“Today, We will preserve your body as a sign for those who come after you. Yet many people remain heedless of Our signs.” 10:92, 26:67, 43:56
And Qarun, Pharaoh, and Haman, Moses came to them with clear signs, but they acted arrogantly in the land. Yet they could not escape Us. 29:39
How many gardens and springs they left behind, 44:25
And fields and noble dwellings, 44:26
And luxuries they once delighted in, 44:27
So, it was. And We made another people inherit them. 44:28
Neither the heavens nor the earth wept for them, nor were they reprieved. 44:29
From Pharaoh, he was truly a tyrant, one who transgressed all bounds. 20:79, 44:31
We made them leaders calling to the Fire, and on the Day of Judgment, they will not be helped. 28:41
And We delivered the Children of Israel from the humiliating torment, 26:65, 37:115, 37:116, 40:45, 44:30
Indeed, in this is a lesson for those who stand in awe. 79:26
And We chose them knowingly above all peoples. 44:32
We led the Children of Israel across the sea, and they came upon a people devoted to their idols. They said, “O Moses, make us a Allah like theirs.” He said, “You are an ignorant people. 7:138
What they follow is doomed, and their deeds are in vain.” 7:139
He said, “Should I seek a Allah for you other than Allah, when He has favoured you above all nations?” 7:140
And when your Lord proclaimed: “If you are grateful, I will surely increase My blessings upon you. But if you are ungrateful, My punishment is severe.” 14:7
Moses said, “Even if you and everyone on earth were ungrateful, Allah is still free of need, worthy of all praise.” 14:8
The Ten Commandments
We appointed forty nights for Moses, but in his absence, you took the calf for worship, acting unjustly. 2:51, 7:142
Then, when Moses returned, he said, “My Lord, show Yourself to me.” Allah said, “You will not see Me, but look at the mountain, if it remains firm, then you will see Me.” When His glory appeared, the mountain crumbled, and Moses fell unconscious. When he recovered, he said, “Glory be to You! I repent to You, and I am the first to believe.” 7:143, 20:80
He said, “O Moses, I have chosen you above others for My messages and words. So, take what I have given you and be grateful.” 7:144
And We inscribed for him on the tablets guidance and explanation for all things. “Hold firmly to them and command your people to follow the best of them. I will show you the fate of the wicked.” 7:145
I will turn away from My signs those who act arrogantly without reason. Even if they see every sign, they will not believe. If they see the right path, they will not take it, but if they see the wrong path, they will follow it. That is because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them. 7:146
Those who rejected Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter, their deeds are in vain. Will they be repaid except for what they used to do? 7:147
The Golden Calf
“Why have you hurried ahead of your people, O Moses?” 20:83
He said, “They are following in my footsteps, and I hastened to You, my Lord, so You may be pleased.” 20:84
He said, “We have tested your people after you left, and the Samiri has led them astray.” 20:85
In Moses’ absence, his people took a calf for worship, an idol made from their jewellery, producing a hollow sound. Did they not see that it could neither speak to them nor guide them? Yet they took it for worship and became wrongdoers. 2:51, 2:92, 2:93, 4:153, 7:148
When regret seized them and they realized they had gone astray, they said, “If our Lord does not forgive us and show mercy, we will surely be among the lost.” 7:149
When Moses returned, angry and sorrowful, he said, “What a terrible thing you have done in my absence! Did you rush ahead of your Lord’s command?” He threw down the tablets and seized his brother by the hair, pulling him toward him. Aaron said, “O son of my mother, do not seize me by my beard or my head! I feared that you would say I caused division among the people and did not wait for your command.” 7:150, 20:86
Aaron had warned them earlier, “O my people, you are being tested by this. Your Lord is the Most Merciful, so follow me and obey my command.” 20:90
They said, “We will not stop worshiping it until Moses returns.” 20:91
Moses said, “O Aaron, what prevented you when you saw them going astray?” 20:92
“Did you disobey my command?” 20:93
He said, “O son of my mother, do not seize me by my beard or my head. I feared you would say I caused division among the Children of Israel and did not wait for your command.” 20:94
They said, “We did not break our promise willingly, but we were burdened with the weight of the people’s ornaments, so we cast them, and the Samiri did likewise.” 20:87
Then he produced for them a calf, an illusion that seemed too low. They said, “This is your Allah and the Allah of Moses, but he has forgotten.” 20:88
Did they not see that it could neither speak to them nor guide them? 20:89
Moses said, “And what is your case, O Samiri?” 20:95
He said, “I saw what they did not see, so I took a handful from the messenger’s traces and cast it. That is what my soul prompted me to do.” 20:96
Moses said, “Then go! Your punishment in this life is to say, ‘Do not touch me.’ And you have an appointed time that you cannot escape. Look at your Allah to which you were devoted, we will burn it and scatter its ashes into the sea.” 20:97
“Your only Allah is Allah, besides whom there is no deity. He encompasses all things in knowledge.” 20:98
Moses said, “My Lord, forgive me and my brother, and admit us into Your mercy. You are the Most Merciful.” 7:151
Those who took the calf for worship will face their Lord’s wrath and humiliation in this life. This is how We repay the inventors of falsehood. 2:54, 7:152
And recall when Moses said to his people, 'O my people, you have wronged yourselves by worshiping the calf. So, turn in repentance to your Creator and kill yourselves. Then seek His forgiveness, for He is the relenting, the Most Merciful.' 2:54
But those who do wrong and then repent and believe, your Lord is Forgiving, Merciful. 2:54, 7:153
Yet Allah forgave them and granted Moses undeniable authority. 2:52, 4:153
Yet We revived you after your death, so that you might be grateful. 2:56
When Moses’ anger subsided, he picked up the tablets, which contained guidance and mercy for those who fear their Lord. 7:154
Seventy
Moses chose seventy men from his people for an audience with Allah. When the earthquake struck them, he said, “My Lord, if You had willed, You could have destroyed them and me before this. Will You destroy us for what the foolish among us have done? This is only Your trial, by which You lead astray and guide whomever You will. You are our Guardian, so forgive us and have mercy on us. You are the best of forgivers.” 7:155
“Grant us good in this world and in the Hereafter. We have turned to You.” He said, “I will grant My punishment to whomever I will, but My mercy encompasses all things. I will grant it to those who are mindful, give charity, and believe in Our signs.” 7:156
Twelve Tribes
Among the people of Moses, there is a group who guide with truth and establish justice accordingly. 7:159
We left their names among later generations, 37:119
We divided them into twelve tribes, each a distinct community. When his people asked for water, We told Moses, “Strike the rock with your staff.” Twelve springs gushed forth, and each tribe knew its drinking place. We shaded them with clouds and sent down manna and quails, saying, “Eat from the good things We have provided.” Yet they did not wrong Us, but only wronged themselves. 2:57, 2:60, 7:160, 20:80, 20:81
“Eat from the good things We have provided, but do not transgress, lest My wrath befall you. Whoever My wrath falls upon is doomed.” 20:81
“Yet I am truly Forgiving to those who repent, believe, and do righteous deeds, then remain steadfast.” 20:82
Mana
And recall when you said, 'O Moses, we cannot endure just one type of food. Ask your Lord to bring forth for us what the earth produces, herbs, cucumbers, garlic, lentils, and onions.' He replied, 'Would you trade what is superior for what is inferior? Go down to a city, and there you will find what you seek.' But disgrace and misery fell upon them, and they earned Allah’s wrath for rejecting His signs and killing the prophets unjustly. This was because they disobeyed and transgressed. 2:61
Inheritance
And We made the oppressed people inherit the land, its east and west, fulfilling your Lord’s promise to the Children of Israel. We destroyed what Pharaoh and his people built and what they had established. 7:137, 10:93, 17:104, 23:48, 25:36
Thunderbolt
Then, when you asked Moses, 'We will not believe until we see Allah openly,' the thunderbolt struck you while you looked on. 2:55
Yet We revived you after your death, so that you might be grateful. 2:56
Moses and al-Khidr
And when Moses said to his servant, “I will not stop until I reach the junction of the two seas, even if I travel for ages.” 18:60
But when they reached the junction, they forgot their fish, which slipped away into the sea. 18:61
When they had passed beyond it, Moses said, “Bring us our meal; we have grown weary from this journey.” 18:62
His servant said, “Did you see? When we rested by the rock, I forgot the fish. Only Satan made me forget to mention it. It took its course into the sea in an astonishing way.” 18:63
Moses said, “That is what we were seeking!” So they retraced their steps. 18:64
There, they found one of Our servants, whom We had granted mercy and taught knowledge from Our presence. 18:65
Moses said to him, “May I follow you so that you may teach me the wisdom you have been given?” 18:66
He said, “You will not be able to endure with me.” 18:67
“How can you be patient with what you do not understand?” 18:68
Moses said, “You will find me patient, if Allah wills, and I will not disobey you.” 18:69
He said, “Then if you follow me, do not ask about anything until I explain it to you.” 18:70
So, they set out until they boarded a ship, and he made a hole in it. Moses said, “Have you damaged it to drown its passengers? You have done something terrible!” 18:71
He said, “Did I not say that you would not be able to endure with me?” 18:72
Moses said, “Do not blame me for forgetting, and do not be hard on me.” 18:73
Then they continued until they met a boy, and he killed him. Moses said, “Have you killed an innocent soul without justification? You have done something dreadful!” 18:74
He said, “Did I not tell you that you would not be able to endure with me?” 18:75
Moses said, “If I question you again, then do not keep me as your companion. You have my excuse.” 18:76
So, they continued until they reached a town and asked its people for food, but they refused hospitality. Then they found a wall about to collapse, and he restored it. Moses said, “You could have asked for payment.” 18:77
He replied, “This is where we part ways. I will explain what you could not endure.” 18:78
“As for the ship, it belonged to poor sailors. I damaged it because a king was seizing every sound vessel by force.” 18:79
“As for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared he would burden them with rebellion and disbelief.” 18:80
“So, we intended that their Lord replace him with someone better in purity and kindness.” 18:81
“As for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys, and beneath it was their treasure. Their father was righteous, so your Lord willed that they reach maturity and retrieve it, this was a mercy from your Lord. I did not act on my own. This is the meaning of what you could not endure.” 18:82
Spying out the Holy Land
Remember when Moses said to his people, “O my people! Recall Allah’s favour upon you, He raised prophets among you, made you rulers, and granted you blessings unlike any other nation.” 5:20
“O my people! Enter the sacred land that Allah has destined for you. Do not turn back in fear, or you will be lost.” 2:58, 5:21
And recall when We said, 'Enter this town and eat freely from its abundance, but enter humbly and say, "Grant us forgiveness," so We may pardon your sins and increase the reward of the righteous.' 2:58
Yet the wrongdoers changed the words given to them, so We sent down a punishment from the heavens for their defiance. 2:59
They replied, “O Moses! A mighty people dwell there, and we will not enter until they leave. If they depart, then we will go in.” 5:22
So, We sent down a punishment from the heavens for their defiance. 2:59
Two men, who feared Allah and whom He had blessed, said, “Enter through the gate! Once you do, victory will be yours. Trust in Allah, if you are truly believers.” 5:23
But they said, “O Moses! We will never enter as long as they remain. Go, you and your Lord, and fight. We will stay here.” 5:24
Moses pleaded, “My Lord! I have power only over myself and my brother, so separate us from the rebellious people.” 5:25
Allah declared, “Then the land is forbidden to them for forty years. They will wander the earth in confusion. Do not grieve over the defiant.” 5:26
The Cow
And when Moses said to his people, 'Allah commands you to sacrifice a cow,' they responded, 'Are you mocking us?' He replied, 'I seek refuge in Allah from being among the ignorant.' 2:67
They said, 'Ask your Lord to clarify for us what kind of cow it should be.' Moses answered, 'He says it should neither be old nor young, but of middle age. So do as you are commanded.' 2:68
Then they asked, 'Pray to your Lord to specify its colour for us.' He replied, 'Allah says it should be a bright yellow cow, pleasing to those who see it. 2:69
They said, 'Ask your Lord to clarify for us what kind of cow it should be, for all cows seem alike to us. If Allah wills, we will be guided.' 2:70
Moses replied, 'He says it should be a cow neither trained for ploughing nor watering fields, sound and free from blemish.' They said, 'Now you have brought the truth!' So they sacrificed it, though they were reluctant. 2:71
Saul
Kingship
Have you not seen the leaders of the Children of Israel after Moses? They said to their prophet, ‘Appoint for us a king so we may fight in Allah’s cause.’ He replied, ‘What if you refuse to fight when commanded?’ They said, ‘Why would we not fight when we have been driven from our homes and children?’ Yet when fighting was ordained, they turned away, except for a few. Allah knows the wrongdoers. 2:246
Their prophet said, ‘Allah has appointed Saul (Talut) as your king.’ They objected, ‘How can he be king when we are more worthy, and he has no great wealth?’ He replied, ‘Allah has chosen him over you and granted him knowledge and strength. Allah gives kingship to whomever He wills, Allah is Vast, All-Knowing.’ 2:247
Their prophet continued, ‘The sign of his kingship is that the Ark will come to you, carrying tranquillity from your Lord and relics left by Moses and Aaron’s family. It will be brought by angels. Surely, this is a sign for you if you are truly believers.’ 2:248
When Saul set out with his troops, he said, ‘Allah will test you with a river. Whoever drinks from it is not with me, but whoever refrains, except for a handful, is with me.’ Yet most of them drank their fill. When he and the believers crossed it, they said, ‘We have no strength today against Goliath and his army.’ But those who were certain they would meet Allah said, ‘How often has a small group triumphed over a larger one by Allah’s will? Allah is with those who remain steadfast.’ 2:249
David
Goliath
When they faced Goliath and his army, they prayed, ‘Our Lord, grant us patience, make our steps firm, and help us against the disbelievers.’ 2:250
By Allah’s will, they defeated them, and David slew Goliath. Allah granted him kingship and wisdom and taught him what He willed. If Allah did not check one group of people by means of another, the earth would be corrupted. But Allah is Most Gracious to all. 2:251
Gifts Given to David
And to David, We gave the Psalms. 4:163, 17:55
Be patient with what they say, and remember Our servant David, endowed with strength, he was ever turning to Us. 38:17, 38:30
We made the mountains glorify with him, at dawn and dusk. 38:18
And the birds gathered, all obedient to him. 38:19
We strengthened his kingdom and granted him wisdom and decisive speech. 38:20
We granted David a favour from Us: “O mountains, echo with him in praise!” and so did the birds. We softened iron for him, 34:10
And We taught David the craft of armour-making to protect you in battle, will you then be grateful? 21:80, 34:11
David's Wisdom
We strengthened his kingdom and granted him wisdom and decisive speech. 38:20
Has the story of the disputants reached you? When they climbed into his sanctuary? 38:21
They entered upon David, startling him. They said, “Fear not. We are two disputants, one has wronged the other. Judge fairly, do not be unjust, and guide us to the right path.” 38:22
“This brother of mine has ninety-nine ewes, while I have only one. He insists I surrender it to him, overpowering me with words.” 38:23
David said, “He has wronged you by demanding your ewe in addition to his own. Many partners oppress one another, except those who believe and do good, but they are few.” David realized We were testing him, so he sought forgiveness, fell in prostration, and repented. 38:24
So, We forgave him, and he was granted nearness to Us and a noble return. 38:25
And We granted knowledge to David and Solomon, and they said, “Praise be to Allah, who has favoured us over many of His believing servants.” 27:15
And Solomon inherited from David, saying, “O people, we have been taught the language of birds, and we have been given of all things. This is indeed a great blessing.” 27:16
And David and Solomon, when they judged concerning the field where sheep had strayed at night, We witnessed their judgment. 21:78
Solomon
We granted Solomon deeper understanding, though We gave both wisdom and knowledge. 21:79
“O David, We have made you a ruler in the land. Judge with justice, and do not follow desire, lest it lead you astray from Allah’s path. 38:26
And to David, We granted Solomon, what an excellent servant! He was ever turning to Us. 38:30
Solomon
Horses
One evening, swift steeds were paraded before him. 38:31
He said, “I have loved these horses for the sake of my Lord,” until they disappeared from sight. 38:32
“Bring them back to me!” Then he stroked their legs and necks. 38:33
And We tested Solomon, placing a lifeless body upon his throne, then he turned to Us. 38:34
He said, “My Lord, forgive me and grant me a kingdom that none shall inherit after me. Truly, You are the Bestower.” 38:35
Wind and Devils
So, We subjected the wind to him, flowing gently at his command. 21:81, 38:36
And the jinn, builders and divers, were placed at his service. 38:37
And others bound in chains. 38:38
“This is Our gift, give freely or withhold, without account.” 38:39
And for him is nearness to Us and a noble return. 38:40
Ants
His armies of jinn, humans, and birds were assembled before him, kept in perfect ranks. 27:17
Until they reached the Valley of the Ants, and an ant said, “O ants, enter your homes, lest Solomon and his troops crush you unknowingly.” 27:18
He smiled, amused by her words, and said, “My Lord, inspire me to be grateful for Your blessings upon my parents and me, and to do righteous deeds that please You. And admit me, by Your mercy, among Your righteous servants.” 27:19
Hoopoe
Then he inspected the birds and said, “Why do I not see the hoopoe? Is he absent? 27:20
I will punish him severely, or even execute him, unless he brings me a valid excuse.” 27:21
But he did not stay long, and said, “I have learned something you do not know, I have come to you from Sheba with reliable news. 27:22
I found a woman ruling over them, blessed with all things, and possessing a magnificent throne. 27:23
But I found her and her people worshiping the sun instead of Allah. Satan has made their deeds seem appealing and diverted them from the path, so they are not guided. 27:24
Should they not worship Allah, who brings forth what is hidden in the heavens and the earth, and knows what you conceal and what you reveal? 27:25
Allah, there is no Allah but Him, Lord of the Mighty Throne.” 27:26
Solomon said, “We shall see whether you speak the truth or are lying. 27:27
Take this letter of mine, deliver it to them, then step aside and observe their response.” 27:28
The Queen of Sheba
She said, “O nobles, a letter has been delivered to me, 27:29
It is from Solomon, and it reads: ‘In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. 27:30
Do not act arrogantly toward me, but come to me in submission.’” 27:31
She said, “O nobles, advise me in this matter, I do not decide anything without your counsel.” 27:32
They said, “We are strong and capable of war, but the decision is yours; consider what you will command.” 27:33
She said, “When kings enter a land, they ruin it and humiliate its noblest people. This is what they do. 27:34
But I will send them a gift and see what response the envoys bring.” 27:35
When her envoy arrived, Solomon said, “Do you offer me wealth? What Allah has given me is far greater than what He has given you. No, you rejoice in your gift. 27:36
Return to them, for we will come upon them with forces they cannot resist, and we will expel them in disgrace.” 27:37
He said, “O nobles, who among you can bring me her throne before she arrives in submission?” 27:38
A powerful jinn said, “I will bring it to you before you rise from your seat. I am strong and trustworthy.” 27:39
But one who had knowledge of the Book said, “I will bring it to you in the blink of an eye.” And when Solomon saw it placed before him, he said, “This is by the grace of my Lord, to test whether I am grateful or ungrateful. Whoever is grateful, benefits himself; and whoever is ungrateful, my Lord is Self-Sufficient, Most Generous.” 27:40
He said, “Disguise her throne, we shall see whether she recognizes it or remains unaware.” 27:41
When she arrived, she was asked, “Is this your throne?” She said, “It appears to be so.” Solomon said, “We were given knowledge before her, and we have submitted to Allah.” 27:42
But she had been hindered by what she worshiped besides Allah, she was from a disbelieving people. 27:43
She was told, “Enter the palace.” But when she saw its floor, she thought it was a pool of water and lifted her dress. Solomon said, “It is a palace paved with glass.” She said, “My Lord, I have wronged myself, but now I submit to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, along with Solomon.” 27:44
Wind
And to Solomon, We subjected the wind, its morning course a month’s journey, and its evening course the same. We made a fountain of molten copper flow for him, and among the jinn were those who worked under his command by his Lord’s permission. Whoever among them deviated from Our command, We made him taste the torment of the Blaze. 21:81, 34:12, 38:36
Achievements
They made for him whatever he wished, palaces, statues, basins like reservoirs, and heavy cauldrons fixed in place. “Work thankfully, O family of David!” But few of My servants are truly grateful. 34:13
Death
When We decreed Solomon’s death, nothing indicated his passing to the jinn except a creature of the earth gnawing at his staff. When he fell, the jinn realized that had they known the unseen, they would not have remained in humiliating labour. 34:14
Tribe of Saba
There was indeed a sign for the people of Sheba in their homeland: two gardens, one to the right and one to the left. “Eat from your Lord’s provision and give thanks, a good land and a forgiving Lord.” 34:15
But they turned away, so We sent upon them a flood from the dam, and replaced their gardens with ones bearing bitter fruit, tamarisks, and a few sparse lote trees. 34:16
Thus, We repaid them for their ingratitude. Do We repay any but the ungrateful? 34:17
We placed between them and the towns We had blessed, well-known settlements, and We set measured stages between them: “Travel safely by night and day.” 34:18
But they said, “Our Lord, make the distances between our journeys longer,” and they wronged themselves. So We made them stories of the past and scattered them completely. Surely in this are signs for every steadfast, grateful heart. 34:19
Iblis proved his assumption about them true, they followed him, except for a group of true believers. 34:20
Devils
They followed what the devils taught during Solomon’s reign. But Solomon did not disbelieve; it was the devils who spread falsehood, teaching people magic and what was revealed to Harut and Marut, the two angels in Babylon. Yet these angels never taught anyone without first warning, 'We are only a test, so do not fall into disbelief.' But people learned from them how to sow discord between spouses. Though they could not harm anyone except by Allah’s permission, they learned what would harm them rather than benefit them. They knew that whoever practiced such things would have no share in the Hereafter. How terrible was the price for which they sold their souls, if only they knew! 2:102
Had they believed and been mindful, their reward from Allah would have been far better, if only they understood. 2:103
Elijah
Sent
And Elijah was indeed one of the messengers. 37:123
He said to his people, “Will you not be mindful? 37:124
Do you call on Baal and abandon the Best of Creators, 37:125
Allah, your Lord and the Lord of your ancestors?” 37:126
But they rejected him, so they will be brought to judgment, 37:127
Except for Allah’s devoted servants. 37:128
We left his name among later generations, 37:129
“Peace be upon Elijah.” 37:130
This is how We reward those who do good. 37:131
He was truly one of Our faithful servants. 37:132
Job
Miracles
And remember Our servant Job, when he cried to his Lord, “Suffering has touched me, but You are the Most Merciful.” 21:83, 38:41
So We told him, “Strike the ground with your foot, here is cool water to wash and drink.” 38:42
And We restored his family to him, and more besides, as a mercy from Us and a lesson for those who reflect. 21:84, 38:43
“Take a handful of grass and strike with it, but do not break your oath.” We found him patient, what an excellent servant! He was ever turning to Us. 38:44
Dhul-Kifl
Ezekiel
And remember Dhul-Kifl among the righteous. 38:48
And Ishmael, Idris, and Dhul-Kifl, all were steadfast. 21:85
We admitted them into Our mercy, for they were of the righteous. 21:86
Jonah
Introduction
And Jonah was truly among the messengers. 37:139
Run Away
And Jonah, when he left in anger, thinking We would not constrain him. 21:87
When he fled to the laden ship, 37:140
He drew lots and was among the losers. 37:141
The Fish
Then the great fish swallowed him, and he was blameworthy. 37:142
So be patient for your Lord’s decision, and do not be like the companion of the fish when he cried out in distress. 68:48
But he called out in the darkness, “There is no Allah but You! Glory be to You! I have been among the wrongdoers.” 21:87
Had his Lord’s favour not reached him, he would have been cast out, blamed, and broken. 68:49
Had he not been among those who glorify Allah, 37:143
He would have remained in its belly until the Day of Resurrection. 37:144
But We cast him out onto the shore, sick and exhausted. 37:145
So, We answered him and saved him from distress, thus We rescue the believers. 21:88
The City
And We caused a gourd plant to grow over him. 37:146
Then We sent him to a hundred thousand, or more. 37:147
They believed, so We allowed them enjoyment for a time. 37:148
But his Lord chose him and made him one of the righteous. 68:50
If only there had been a city that believed and benefited from its faith, except for the people of Jonah. When they believed, We removed their punishment and granted them enjoyment for a time. 10:98
Zechariah
Blessed
A mention of your Lord’s mercy upon His servant Zechariah. 19:2, 21:89
When he called upon his Lord in secret, 19:3, 21:89
Saying, “My Lord, my bones have weakened, and my hair has turned white with age, yet I have never been disappointed in my prayers to You.” 19:4
A Son
When he called upon his Lord, “Do not leave me childless, for You are the Best of inheritors.” 21:89
“I fear what will happen to my people after me, and my wife is barren. So grant me, from Yourself, an heir,” 3:38, 19:5
“Who will inherit from me and from the family of Jacob, and make him, my Lord, pleasing to You.” 19:6
So, the angels called out to him while he stood praying in the sanctuary: ‘Allah gives you good news of John, a confirmer of Allah’s word, noble, chaste, and a prophet among the righteous. 3:39
“O Zechariah, We give you good news of a son, whose name is John, a name We have never given before.” 19:7
He said, “My Lord, how can I have a son when my wife is barren, and I have reached extreme old age?” 3:40, 19:8
He said, “It will be so. Your Lord says, ‘It is easy for Me. I created you before, when you were nothing.’” 3:40, 19:9
Mute
He said, “My Lord, grant me a sign.” He said, “Your sign is that you will not speak to people for three nights, though you are sound.” 3:41, 19:10
Then he emerged from the sanctuary to his people and signalled to them to glorify Allah morning and evening. 19:11
So, We answered him and granted him John, making his wife fertile. They raced toward goodness, hands raised in hope, humbled in awe, ever turning to Us. 21:90
John the Baptist
Blessed
“O John, hold firmly to the Scripture.” And We granted him wisdom in his youth, 19:12
Along with tenderness and purity from Us, and he was devout. 19:13
He was kind to his parents and was never arrogant or rebellious. 19:14
Life, Death, Raised
Peace be upon him the day he was born, the day he dies, and the day he is raised alive. 19:15
Mary
Birth
Remember when the wife of Imran said, ‘My Lord, I dedicate what is in my womb entirely to You, so accept it from me. You alone are the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.’ 3:35
When she gave birth, she said, ‘My Lord, I have delivered a female.’ Allah knew best what she had delivered. ‘The male is not like the female. I have named her Mary, and I seek Your protection for her and her descendants from Satan, the accursed.’ 3:36
Prophecy of Jesus' Birth
And when the angels said, ‘O Mary, Allah has chosen you, purified you, and elevated you above all women of the world. 3:42
O Mary, be devout to your Lord, bow down, and prostrate with those who worship.’ 3:43
This is from the unseen knowledge We reveal to you. You were not there when they cast lots to determine who would care for Mary, nor were you present when they disputed. 3:44
The angels said, ‘O Mary, Allah gives you good news of a word from Him, his name is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary. He will be honoured in this world and the Hereafter and will be among those closest to Allah. 3:45
He will speak to people in infancy and adulthood and will be among the righteous.’ 3:46
She asked, ‘My Lord, how can I have a child when no man has touched me?’ Allah replied, ‘Thus it will be, Allah creates whatever He wills. When He decrees something, He simply says, “Be,” and it is.’ 3:47
Allah will teach him the Book, wisdom, the Torah, and the Gospel. 3:48
And he will be a messenger to the Children of Israel, saying, ‘I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. I will shape for you a bird from clay, breathe into it, and it will become a living bird, by Allah’s permission. I will heal the blind and the leper and bring the dead to life, by Allah’s permission. I will tell you what you eat and what you store in your homes. Surely, in this is a sign for you if you truly believe. 3:49
Jesus' Birth
And mention in the Book Mary, when she withdrew from her family to a secluded place in the east. 19:16
She screened herself away from them, and We sent to her Our Spirit, who appeared to her as a perfect man. 19:17
She said, “I seek refuge in the Most Merciful from you, if you are righteous.” 19:18
He said, “I am only a messenger from your Lord, sent to grant you a pure son.” 19:19
She said, “How can I have a son when no man has touched me, and I have never been unchaste?” 19:20
He said, “Thus it will be. Your Lord says, ‘It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign for humanity and a mercy from Us. It is a matter already decreed.’” 19:21
And remember the one who guarded her soul, we breathed into her of Our spirit, and made her and her son a sign, a wonder for all the worlds. 21:91
And Mary, daughter of Imran, who guarded her chastity. We breathed into her from Our spirit, and she affirmed the truth of her Lord’s words and His scriptures. She was among the devout. 66:12
So, she conceived him and withdrew with him to a remote place. 19:22
The pains of childbirth drove her to the trunk of a palm tree. She said, “I wish I had died before this and been completely forgotten.” 19:23
Then he called to her from beneath her, “Do not grieve; your Lord has placed a stream beneath you.” 19:24
“And shake the trunk of the palm tree toward you; it will drop fresh dates for you.” 19:25
“So eat, drink, and be comforted. And if you see anyone, say, ‘I have vowed a fast to the Most Merciful, so I will not speak to any human today.’” 19:26
Jesus
Then she came to her people carrying him. They said, “O Mary, you have done something terrible.” 19:27
“O sister of Aaron, your father was not an evil man, nor was your mother unchaste.” 19:28
So she pointed to him. They said, “How can we speak to an infant in the cradle?” 19:29
He said, “I am the servant of Allah. He has given me the Scripture and made me a prophet.” 5:110, 19:30
“And He has blessed me wherever I go and enjoined upon me prayer and charity as long as I live.” 19:31
“And He has made me kind to my mother and has not made me arrogant or defiant.” 19:32
“Peace be upon me the day I was born, the day I die, and the day I am raised alive.” 19:33
That is Jesus, son of Mary, a statement of truth about which they dispute. 19:34
And for their denial and slander against Mary, 4:156
And We made the son of Mary and his mother a sign, and sheltered them on a peaceful hilltop with flowing water 23:50
Jesus
Example
Indeed, the likeness of Jesus before Allah is like that of Adam 3:59
The Messiah
The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah 4:171, 5:75
And for their claim, “We killed the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the messenger of Allah 4:157
The Christians say, “The Messiah is the son of Allah.” 9:30
The Messiah does not disdain being a servant of Allah, 4:172
Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary,” have strayed. The Messiah himself said, “Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.” 5:72
Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary,” have strayed. 5:17
The Messiah, A Word and a Spirit from Allah
The angels said, ‘O Mary, Allah gives you good news of a word from Him, his name is the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary. He will be honoured in this world and the Hereafter and will be among those closest to Allah. 3:45
The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, His word conveyed to Mary, and a spirit from Him. 4:171
Talking as an Infant
When Allah will say, “O Jesus, son of Mary, recall My favour upon you and your mother, how I strengthened you with the Holy Spirit, so you spoke to people as an infant and as an adult. I taught you the Scripture, wisdom, the Torah, and the Gospel. 5:110
So, she pointed to him. They said, “How can we speak to an infant in the cradle?” 19:29
He said, “I am the servant of Allah. He has given me the Scripture and made me a prophet.” 19:30
“And He has blessed me wherever I go and enjoined upon me prayer and charity as long as I live.” 19:31
“And He has made me kind to my mother and has not made me arrogant or defiant.” 19:32
“Peace be upon me the day I was born, the day I die, and the day I am raised alive.” 19:33
That is Jesus, son of Mary, a statement of truth about which they dispute. 19:34
Giving Life to Clay Birds
And he will be a messenger to the Children of Israel, saying, ‘I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. I will shape for you a bird from clay, breathe into it, and it will become a living bird, by Allah’s permission. 3:49
By My permission, you shaped clay into the form of a bird, breathed into it, and it became alive. 5:110
Healing the Blind
I will heal the blind by Allah’s permission. Surely, in this is a sign for you if you truly believe. 3:49, 5:110
Healing the Leper
I will heal the leper by Allah’s permission. Surely, in this is a sign for you if you truly believe. 3:49, 5:110
Raising the Dead
I will bring the dead to life, by Allah’s permission. Surely, in this is a sign for you if you truly believe. 3:49, 5:110
Knowledge of the Unseen
I will tell you what you eat and what you store in your homes. Surely, in this is a sign for you if you truly believe. 3:49, 5:110
Protected from Harm
I shielded you from the harm of the Children of Israel when you came to them with clear signs, yet the disbelievers among them said, ‘This is nothing but sorcery.’ 5:110
General Signs
But when he came to them with clear signs, they said, “This is obvious sorcery.” 61:6
Indeed, We gave Moses the Book and sent messengers after him. We granted Jesus, son of Mary, clear signs and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit. Yet whenever a messenger brought something that did not align with your desires, you acted arrogantly, rejecting some and killing others. 2:87
Some messengers We favoured over others. Among them were those to whom Allah spoke directly, and He raised some in rank. We gave Jesus, son of Mary, clear proofs and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit. Had Allah willed, those who came after them would not have fought one another after receiving clear signs. But they differed, some believed, while others rejected. Had Allah willed, they would not have fought. But Allah does as He wills. 2:253
Then We sent Our messengers after them, and We sent Jesus, son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel. We placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of his followers. But monasticism, they invented it, seeking Allah’s pleasure, yet they did not uphold it as they should. Even so, We granted those who truly believed their reward, but many among them strayed. 57:27
I bring you a sign from your Lord, so be mindful of Allah and obey me. 3:50
Confirming Former Scriptures
I have come confirming the truth of the Torah before me and making lawful some of what was forbidden to you. 3:50
Then We sent Jesus, son of Mary, confirming the Torah before him. We gave him the Gospel, containing guidance and light, affirming the Torah and serving as guidance for the righteous. 5:46
And when Jesus, son of Mary, said, “O Children of Israel, I am Allah’s messenger to you, confirming the Torah before me and bringing good news of a messenger to come after me, whose name is Ahmad.” 61:6
Ministry
Then We sent Our messengers after them, and We sent Jesus, son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel. We placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of his followers. But monasticism, they invented it, seeking Allah’s pleasure, yet they did not uphold it as they should. Even so, We granted those who truly believed their reward, but many among them strayed. 57:27
I have come confirming the truth of the Torah before me and making lawful some of what was forbidden to you. I bring you a sign from your Lord, so be mindful of Allah and obey me. 3:50
Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him alone. This is the straight path. 3:51
When the example of the son of Mary was presented, your people scoffed. 43:57
They said, “Are our gods better, or is he?” They only raised this argument to provoke you, they are a quarrelsome people. 43:58
He was merely a servant whom We favoured, making him an example for the Children of Israel. 43:59
Had We willed, We could have made angels among you to succeed one another on earth. 43:60
He is a sign of the Hour, so do not doubt it, but follow Me. This is the straight path. 43:61
Let not Satan divert you, for he is a sworn enemy to you. 43:62
Yet when he came with clear signs, he said, “I have come to you with wisdom, to clarify some of what you dispute. So, fear Allah and obey me.” 43:63
Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is the straight path. 43:64
But factions differed among themselves. Woe to the wrongdoers from the torment of a painful day. 43:65
Death
And for their claim, “We killed the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the messenger of Allah”, though they did not kill or crucify him, but it was made to appear so. Those who argue over it remain in doubt, following mere speculation. They did not kill him with certainty. 4:157
Rather, Allah raised him up to Himself. Allah is almighty, most wise. 4:158
And there is none among the People of the Book who will not believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection, he will stand as a witness against them. 4:159
They plotted, but Allah also plots, and Allah is the best of plotters. 3:54
Allah said, ‘O Jesus, I will take you and raise you to Myself, purify you from those who disbelieve, and make your followers superior until the Day of Judgment. Then you will return to Me, and I will judge between you regarding your differences. 3:55
Not the Son of Allah
They say, “Allah has taken a son.” Glory be to Him! He is self-sufficient. Everything in the heavens and the earth belongs to Him. You have no proof for this. Are you saying about Allah what you do not know? 2:116, 10:68
Say, “Those who fabricate lies against Allah will never succeed.” 10:69
The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah 4:171
The Messiah does not disdain being a servant of Allah, nor do the angels nearest to Him. Whoever turns away from His worship and grows arrogant, He will gather them all before Him. 4:172
Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary,” have strayed. The Messiah himself said, “Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.” Whoever associates partners with Allah, Paradise is forbidden to them, and their home is the Fire. The wrongdoers will find no helpers. 5:72
Say, “O People of the Book! Do not exceed the bounds of truth in your faith, nor follow the desires of those who went astray before you, leading many others astray.” 5:77
The disbelievers among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongues of David and Jesus, son of Mary, for their defiance and transgression. 5:78
The Jews say, “Ezra is the son of Allah,” and the Christians say, “The Messiah is the son of Allah.” These are words from their mouths, echoing the claims of earlier disbelievers. May Allah destroy them! How deluded they are! 9:30
And they say, “The Most Merciful has taken a son.” 19:88
You have uttered a monstrous claim! 19:89
The heavens nearly rupture, the earth splits, and the mountains collapse in devastation, 19:90
Because they attribute a son to the Most Merciful. 19:91
It is not fitting for the Most Merciful to take a son. 19:92
And to warn those who say, “Allah has taken a son.” 18:4
Allah has not taken a son, nor is there any Allah besides Him. If there were, each Allah would have taken what he created and tried to dominate the others. 23:91
And say, “Praise be to Allah, who has neither taken a son nor has any partner in His dominion, nor needs a protector against weakness.” Glorify Him greatly. 17:111
They have no knowledge of this, nor did their forefathers. Grave is the word that comes from their mouths; they speak nothing but falsehood. 18:5
It is not for Allah to take a son, glory be to Him! When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, “Be,” and it is. 19:35
If Allah had willed to take a son, He could have chosen from His creation as He pleased. But He is far above such a thing 39:4
And indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is the straight path. 19:36
But the factions differed among themselves. So, woe to the disbelievers from the coming of a tremendous Day. 19:37
Say, “If the Most Merciful had a son, I would be the first to worship.” 43:81
Exalted is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, the Lord of the Throne, above what they claim. 43:82
So leave them to indulge and amuse themselves until they meet their promised Day. 43:83
Exalted is the majesty of our Lord; He has taken neither partner nor child. 72:3
He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, who has taken no son, nor has He any partner in His sovereignty, who created everything and determined its measure. 25:2
Say: He is Allah, the One. 112:1
He neither begets nor is begotten. 112:3
And there is none equal to Him. 112:4
Trinity – Allah, Mary, Jesus
O People of the Book! Do not exceed the bounds of faith nor speak of Allah except in truth. The Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, His word conveyed to Mary, and a spirit from Him. So, believe in Allah and His messengers, and do not say “three.” Stop this, it is better for you. Allah is one, far above having a son. 4:171
Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary,” have strayed. Say: Who could prevent Allah, if He willed to destroy the Messiah, his mother, and all on earth? 5:17
Those who say, “Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary,” have strayed. The Messiah himself said, “Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.” 5:72
Those who say, “Allah is one of three,” have disbelieved. There is only one Allah. If they do not stop, a painful punishment awaits them. 5:73
Exalted is the majesty of our Lord; He has taken neither partner nor child. 72:3
He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, who has taken no son, nor has He any partner in His sovereignty, who created everything and determined its measure. 25:2
Will they not turn to Allah in repentance and seek His forgiveness? 5:74
The Messiah, son of Mary, was but a messenger; others came before him. His mother was a woman of truth. Both ate food like others. See how We make the signs clear, yet they turn away. 5:75
Say, “Do you worship besides Allah what has no power to harm or benefit you? 5:76
And on that Day, Allah will say, “O Jesus, son of Mary, did you tell people to take you and your mother as gods besides Me?” He will reply, “Glory be to You! I could never say what is not right. If I had said it, You would know. You know what is within me, but I do not know what is within You. Truly, You alone know the unseen.” 5:116
“I only told them what You commanded: ‘Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.’ I was a witness over them while I lived among them, but when You took me, You became their Watcher. 5:117
“If You punish them, they are Your servants. But if You forgive them, 5:118
He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth; how could He have a child when He has no consort? 6:101
Disciples
Then We sent Our messengers after them, and We sent Jesus, son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel. We placed compassion and mercy in the hearts of his followers. But monasticism, they invented it, seeking Allah’s pleasure, yet they did not uphold it as they should. Even so, We granted those who truly believed their reward, but many among them strayed. 57:27
You who believe, be Allah’s supporters, just as Jesus, son of Mary, said to the disciples, “Who will be my supporters for Allah?” The disciples said, “We are Allah’s supporters.” Then a group from the Children of Israel believed, while another disbelieved. So, We strengthened those who believed against their enemies, and they became dominant. 3:52, 61:14
And remember when I inspired your disciples to believe in Me and My messenger. They declared, “We believe! Bear witness that we submit to You.” 3:52, 5:111
They prayed, ‘Our Lord, we believe in what You have revealed and follow the messenger, so count us among the witnesses.’ 3:53
They asked, “O Jesus, son of Mary, can your Lord send down a table spread with food from the heavens?” He replied, “Fear Allah, if you are truly believers.” 5:112
They said, “We wish to eat from it, to reassure our hearts, to know you have spoken the truth, and to be among its witnesses.” 5:113
Jesus, son of Mary, prayed, “O Allah, our Lord, send down to us a table from the heavens, a feast for us and for those who come after us, a sign from You. Provide for us, for You are the best of providers.” 5:114
Allah said, ‘O Jesus, I will take you and raise you to Myself, purify you from those who disbelieve, and make your followers superior until the Day of Judgment. 3:55
Luqman
Sent
We granted Luqman wisdom, saying, “Be grateful to Allah.” Whoever is grateful benefits himself. And whoever is ungrateful 31:12
Tawhid
And when Luqman said to his son, advising him, “O my son, do not associate anything with Allah. Truly, associating others with Him is a great injustice.” 31:13
Care for Parents
And We commanded people to honour their parents. His mother carried him in hardship upon hardship, and his weaning took two years. “Be grateful to Me and to your parents, to Me is the final return.” 31:14
Shirk
But if they pressure you to associate with Me what you have no knowledge of, do not obey them. Yet remain kind to them in this world, and follow the path of those who turn to Me. Then to Me is your return, and I will inform you of what you did. 31:15
Sin
“O my son, even if a deed were as small as a mustard seed, hidden within a rock, or anywhere in the heavens or the earth, Allah will bring it forth. Truly, Allah is Subtle, All-Aware. 31:16
Prayer
O my son, establish prayer, enjoin what is right, forbid what is wrong, and be patient over what befalls you. This is true resolve. 31:17
Be Humble
Do not turn your cheek away from people in arrogance, nor walk the earth with pride. Truly, Allah does not love the arrogant and boastful. 31:18
Walk with humility, and lower your voice; surely the harshest of voices is the braying of a donkey.” 31:19
Rejection
Do you not see that Allah has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and the earth, and showered you with His blessings, both seen and unseen? Yet among people are those who argue about Allah without knowledge, guidance, or an illuminating scripture. 31:20
And when they are told, “Follow what Allah has revealed,” they say, “No, we will follow what we found our ancestors doing.” Even if Satan is leading them to the punishment of the Blaze? 31:21
Submission
Whoever submits himself to Allah and does good has grasped the most secure handhold. To Allah belongs the outcome of all matters. 31:22
Comfort
But whoever disbelieves, do not let his disbelief grieve you. To Us is their return, and We will inform them of what they did. Truly, Allah knows what is within hearts. 31:23
Punishment
We grant them enjoyment for a little while, then We drive them into a severe punishment. 31:24
Creation
If you ask them, “Who created the heavens and the earth?” they will surely say, “Allah.” Say, “Praise be to Allah.” But most of them do not understand. 31:25
To Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth. 31:26
If all the trees on earth were pens, and the sea were ink, replenished by seven more seas, Allah’s words would not be exhausted. 31:27
Your creation and resurrection are like that of a single soul. 31:28
Do you not see that Allah merges night into day and day into night, and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running for an appointed term? Truly, Allah is fully aware of what you do. 31:29
Truth
That is because Allah is the Truth, and what they call upon besides Him is falsehood. 31:30
Signs
Do you not see that ships sail upon the sea by Allah’s grace, so He may show you His signs? Truly, in this are signs for those who are patient and grateful. 31:31
And when waves engulf them like mountains, they call upon Allah sincerely. But when He delivers them to land, some of them remain hesitant. No one rejects Our signs except the treacherous and ungrateful. 31:32
Truth
O people, be mindful of your Lord, and fear a Day when no parent can help his child, nor can a child help his parent. Truly, Allah’s promise is true, so do not let worldly life deceive you, nor let the deceiver deceive you about Allah. 31:33
Knowledge
Truly, Allah alone has knowledge of the Hour. He sends down rain and knows what is in the wombs. No soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, nor in which land it will die. Truly, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. 31:34
Hud Sent to Ad
Sent
To the people of ‘Ad, We sent their brother Hud. He said, “O my people, worship Allah, you have no Allah but Him. You are only inventing falsehoods.” 7:65, 9:70, 11:50, 14:9, 26:124, 26:126, 26:131, 41:14, 46:21, 89:6
Warning
And be conscious of the One who has provided you with what you know, 26:132
He has given you livestock, children, 26:133
Gardens and flowing springs. 26:134
I ask no payment from you; my reward is only from the Lord of the Worlds. 11:51, 26:127
Do you build monuments on every high place, seeking vanity? 26:128
And construct fortresses as if you will live forever? 26:129
And when you strike, you strike ruthlessly? 26:130
“O my people, seek forgiveness from your Lord and turn to Him in repentance. He will send rain upon you abundantly and increase your strength. Do not turn away as sinners.” 11:52
Rejected
The elite among his people who disbelieved said: We see you as a fool, and we think you are a liar. 7:66
Their messengers came to them from all directions, saying, “Worship none but Allah.” But they said, “Had our Lord willed, He would have sent down angels. We reject what you have been sent with.” 41:14
They said, “O Hud, you have brought us no clear proof, and we will not abandon our gods based on your word. We do not believe in you.” 11:53, 26:123
“We only say that some of our gods have afflicted you with madness.” 11:54
Response
He said, “I call Allah as my witness, and you too bear witness, that I am free from what you associate with Him.” 11:54
“So, plot against me, all of you, and do not delay.” 11:55
“I place my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord. No creature moves except by His command. My Lord is on the straight path.” 11:56
“If you turn away, I have already conveyed to you what I was sent with. My Lord will replace you with another people, and you cannot harm Him. My Lord is the Guardian over all things.” 11:57
I fear for you the punishment of a tremendous Day.” 26:135
He said: O my people, I am no fool, I am a messenger from the Lord of all worlds. 7:67, 26:125, 46:23
I deliver to you the messages of my Lord, and I am a trustworthy adviser to you. 7:68, 46:23
Do you marvel that a reminder has come to you from your Lord through a man from among you, to warn you? Remember when He made you successors after the people of Noah and increased you greatly in stature. So, remember the favours of Allah, that you may prosper. 7:69
Rejected
They said, “It is all the same to us, whether you warn or do not warn. 26:136
They said, “Have you come to tell us to worship Allah alone and abandon what our ancestors worshipped? Then bring upon us what you threaten us with, if you are truthful.” 7:70, 14:10, 26:137, 46:22
And we will not be punished.” 26:138
Response
He said, “You are already doomed by your Lord’s wrath and anger. Do you argue with me over names you and your ancestors invented, for which Allah sent no authority? Then wait, I too am waiting.” 7:71, 14:11
Hud Saved
So, We saved him and those with him by Our mercy, and We uprooted those who rejected Our signs. They were not believers. 7:72, 11:58
Punishment
As for Ad, they grew arrogant upon the earth, defying justice, and said, “Who is mightier than us?” Did they not see that Allah, who created them, is mightier than they? Yet they continued to deny Our signs. 41:15
Such was Ad, they rejected their Lord’s signs, disobeyed His messengers, and followed the command of every tyrant. 11:59, 26:139, 41:15, 54:18
Then, when they saw it as a cloud approaching their valleys, they said, “This is a cloud bringing us rain.” No, it is what you sought to hasten: a wind with painful punishment, 11:89, 46:24
So, We unleashed upon them a furious wind for days of misfortune, making them taste the disgrace of this world. But the punishment of the Hereafter is far worse, and they will not be saved. 41:13, 41:16, 51:41, 54:19, 69:6, 69:7
Plucking people as if they were uprooted palm trunks. 54:20, 69:7
They were pursued by a curse in this world and will be on the Day of Judgment. Indeed, ‘Ad denied their Lord, so away with ‘Ad, the people of Hud! and We destroyed them. Surely in this is a sign, but most of them do not believe. 7:72, 11:60, 25:38, 25:39, 26:139, 29:38, 53:50, 54:18
And Ad and Thamud, it became clear to you from their ruins how We dealt with them. Satan made their deeds seem appealing, diverting them from the path, though they were capable of seeing. 29:38, 51:42, 69:8
To each, We gave warnings, and then We destroyed them utterly. 25:39
So how severe was My punishment and warning! 54:21
“Remember how He made you successors after ‘Ad and settled you in the land, building palaces in its plains and carving homes into its mountains. So remember Allah’s blessings, and do not spread corruption.” 7:74
Salih sent to Thamud
Sent
And to the people of Thamud, We sent their brother Salih. He said, “O my people, worship Allah, you have no Allah but Him. A clear sign has come to you from your Lord: this she-camel of Allah is a sign for you. Let her graze freely on Allah’s land, and do not harm her, or a painful punishment will seize you.” 7:73, 9:70, 11:61, 11:64, 14:9, 14:10, 17:59, 26:142, 26:155, 26:156, 27:45, 41:14, 54:27, 91:13
Warning
I am a faithful messenger to you. 26:143
So be mindful of Allah and obey me. 26:144, 26:150
I ask no payment from you; my reward is only from the Lord of the Worlds. 26:145
Will you be left secure in what you have here, 26:146
Amid gardens and springs, 26:147
Fields and palm trees heavy with fruit? 26:148
And in Thamūd, they were told, “Enjoy yourselves for a while.” 51:43
Rejected
But the arrogant chiefs among his people said to those who believed, “Do you really know that Salih is sent by his Lord?” They replied, “We believe in what he has been sent with.” 7:75, 14:10
They said, “O Salih, we had great hopes for you before this. Do you forbid us from worshipping what our ancestors worshipped? We are in doubt about what you call us to.” 7:76, 11:62, 14:10, 15:80, 26:141, 26:158, 27:45, 41:14
And they said, “Shall we follow a lone human among us? That would be madness.” 54:24
“Was the message sent to him alone among us? No, he is an insolent liar.” 54:25
Tomorrow they will know who the liar is, the insolent one. 54:26
Response
He said, “O my people, consider this: If I stand upon clear proof from my Lord and He has granted me mercy, who will protect me from Allah if I disobey Him? You would only increase my loss.” 11:63
He said, “O my people, why do you rush toward evil instead of good? Why do you not seek forgiveness from Allah, so you may receive mercy?” 27:46
And tell them that the water is divided between them, and each will take their turn. 54:28
Do not obey the commands of the transgressors, 26:151
Those who spread corruption in the land and never seek to mend their ways. 26:152
Rejected
They said, “You are merely one of those bewitched. 26:153
They said, “We see bad omens in you and those with you.” He said, “Your fate is with Allah, you are a people being tested.” 27:47
In the city were nine men who spread corruption and never sought reform. 27:48
They said, “Swear by Allah that we will ambush him and his family by night, then tell his heirs, ‘We did not witness his murder,’ and we will be truthful.” 27:49
Signs
You are just a man like us, so bring a sign, if you are truthful.” 26:154
We gave them Our signs, but they turned away. 15:81
And He does not fear the consequences. 91:15
Punishment
But they plotted, and We plotted, and they did not perceive. 27:50
Then they killed the she-camel and defied their Lord’s command, saying, “Bring upon us what you threaten us with, if you are truthful.” 7:77, 11:65, 17:59, 26:157, 51:44, 54:29, 91:14
They carved homes into the mountains, feeling secure. 15:82, 26:149, 89:9
So, an earthquake/thunderbolt seized/struck them, and they lay lifeless in their homes. 7:78, 11:67, 15:83, 15:84, 26:158, 41:13, 41:17, 51:44, 69:5, 91:14
We sent upon them a single blast, and they became like dry twigs of a pen. 11:89, 54:31
They could not rise, nor were they helped. 51:45
Their homes now lie in ruins because of their wrongdoing. Surely in this is a sign for those who understand. 27:52
So how severe was My punishment and warning! 54:30
So observe the outcome of their plot. We destroyed them and their people altogether. 27:51, 53:51
And all they had built was of no use to them. 15:84
As if they had never lived there. Indeed, Thamud denied their Lord, so away with Thamud! 11:68, 11:95, 54:23, 85:17, 85:18, 85:19, 91:11
Salih Saved
When Our command came, We saved Salih and those who believed with him by Our mercy, and We spared them from the disgrace of that day. 11:66, 27:53, 41:17
Salih turned away from them, saying, “O my people, I delivered my Lord’s message and advised you sincerely, but you did not love those who give sincere advice.” 7:79
Madyan sent to Shu'ayb
Sent
And to the people of Midian, We sent their brother Shu’ayb. He said, “O my people, worship Allah, you have no Allah but Him. A clear sign has come to you from your Lord. So, give full measure and weight, and do not cheat people of their due. Do not spread corruption in the land after it has been set right. This is better for you, if you are truly believers.” 7:85, 9:70, 11:84, 11:85, 29:36
Warning
The people of the Wood denied the messengers. 26:176
Shu’ayb said to them, “Will you not be mindful? 26:177
I am a faithful messenger to you. 26:178
So be mindful of Allah and obey me. 26:179
“What remains with Allah is better for you, if you are believers. I am not a guardian over you.” 11:86
I ask no payment from you, my reward is only from the Lord of the Worlds. 26:180
Give full measure, and do not cheat. 26:181
Weigh with honest scales. 26:182
Do not defraud people of their rights, nor spread corruption in the land. 26:183, 29:36
Be mindful of the One who created you and the generations before you.” 26:184
“Do not lurk on every road, threatening and turning people away from Allah’s path, seeking to make it crooked. Remember when you were few, and He increased you. So, observe how the fate of the corrupt unfolded.” 7:86
“If some of you believe in what I have been sent with, while others do not, then be patient until Allah judges between us, He is the best of judges.” 7:87
Rejected
The arrogant chiefs among his people said, “O Shu’ayb, we will surely expel you and those who believe with you from our town unless you return to our way.” He said, “Even if we detest it?” 7:88
They said, “O Shu’ayb, does your prayer command us to abandon what our ancestors worshipped or to stop managing our wealth as we please? You are surely gentle and wise.” 11:87
Response
“If we were to return to your way after Allah has saved us from it, we would be inventing lies against Him. It is not for us to return to it unless Allah wills. Our Lord encompasses all things in knowledge. In Him we trust. Our Lord, judge between us and our people in truth, for You are the best of judges.” 7:89
Rejected
They said, “You are merely one of those bewitched. 26:185
You are just a man like us, and we think you are lying. 26:186
But the disbelieving chiefs among his people said, “If you follow Shu’ayb, you will surely be ruined.” 7:90
Response
He said, “O my people, consider this: If I stand upon clear proof from my Lord and He has granted me good provision, should I not guide you? I do not wish to do what I forbid you from. I only seek reform as much as I can. My success depends on Allah, I place my trust in Him, and to Him I turn.” 11:88
Rejected
They said, “O Shu’ayb, we do not understand much of what you say, and we see you as weak among us. Were it not for your family, we would have stoned you, you have no power over us.” 11:91
So, make a piece of the sky fall upon us, if you are truthful.” 26:187
Response
He said, “My Lord knows best what you do.” 26:188
He said, “O my people, is my family more important to you than Allah? You have turned your backs on Him. My Lord encompasses all that you do.” 11:92
“O my people, act as you will, and I will act. Soon you will know who will face a humiliating punishment and who is a liar. So, wait, I too am waiting.” 11:93
Punishment
Then an earthquake seized them, and they lay lifeless in their homes. 7:91, 11:94, 29:37
But they rejected him, and so the punishment of the day of the ominous cloud overtook them. It was truly the torment of a dreadful day. 26:189
Those who rejected Shu’ayb were wiped away, as if they had never lived there. Those who rejected Shu’ayb were the true losers. 7:92, 15:78, 50:14
So he turned away from them, saying, “O my people, I delivered my Lord’s message and advised you sincerely. How can I grieve for a people who rejected the truth?” 7:93
Surely in this is a sign, but most of them do not believe. 26:190
As if they had never lived there. Away with Midian, just as Thamud was removed! 11:95
Dhul-Qarnayn (Alexander the Great)
People of the Setting Sun
They ask you about Dhul-Qarnayn. Say, “I will relate his story to you.” 18:83
We established him in the land and gave him means to accomplish all things. 18:84
So, he followed a path, 18:85
Until he reached the setting place of the sun, where he found it sinking into a dark spring, and nearby he found a people. We said, “O Dhul-Qarnayn, you may punish them or treat them kindly.” 18:86
Judgement
He said, “Whoever does wrong, we will punish him, then he will return to his Lord for an even greater punishment.” 18:87
“But whoever believes and does good will have the best reward, and we will speak to him with kindness.” 18:88
People of the Rising Sun
Then he followed another path, 18:89
Until he reached the rising place of the sun, where he found it shining upon a people with no shelter from it. 18:90
Thus, it was, and We fully encompassed his knowledge. 18:91
People of the Mountain
Then he followed another path, 18:92
Until he reached a valley between two mountains, where he found a people who could barely understand speech. 18:93
Gog and Magog
They said, “O Dhul-Qarnayn, Gog and Magog are spreading corruption in the land. Can we pay you to build a barrier between them and us?” 18:94
He said, “What my Lord has given me is better, but help me with labour, and I will build a strong barrier.” 18:95
“Bring me blocks of iron.” When he had filled the gap, he said, “Blow upon it.” When it became red-hot, he said, “Now pour molten copper over it.” 18:96
So, they could neither scale it nor tunnel through it. 18:97
And it is forbidden for a people We destroyed to return. 21:95
Until Gog and Magog are unleashed, surging forth from every direction. 21:96
He said, “This is a mercy from my Lord. But when my Lord’s promise comes, He will level it to dust. My Lord’s promise is always true.” 18:98
Judgement
On that Day, We will let them surge against one another, then the Trumpet will be blown, and We will gather them all together. 18:99
On that Day, We will present Hell to the disbelievers, 18:100
Those whose eyes were blind to My signs and who could not hear. 18:101
Do the disbelievers think they can take My servants as protectors instead of Me? We have prepared Hell as a dwelling for them. 18:102
The People of Tubba
People of
Are they better, or were the people of Tubba and those before them? We destroyed them, they were indeed guilty. 44:37, 50:3